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Dermatology > Urticaria > Flashcards

Urticaria Flashcards

1
Q

What is urticaria?

A

Urticaria is characterised by the rapid development of itchy, erythematous, raised wheals

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2
Q

What can urticaria be triggered by?

A

Allergens
Physical stimuli - pressure, heat, cold
Infections
Autoimmune processes
Stress

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3
Q

What is the pathophysiology of urticaria?

A

Histamine is released from mast cells and basophils, leading to increased vascular permeability and the formation of wheals

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4
Q

What is the clinical presentation of urticaria?

A

Pruritus
Erythematous wheals with well defined borders
Wheals vary in size and shape
Rapid onset and resolution
Angioedema

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5
Q

What are the differentials of urticaria?

A

Dermatitis
Drug eruptions
Erythema multiforme
Vasculitis
Autoimmune disorders e.g SLE

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6
Q

What investigations may aid the clinical diagnosis of urticaria?

A

Allergy testing (skin or patch)
Inflammatory markers
Urinalysis (if vasculitis suspected)
Skin biopsy
Symptom diary

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7
Q

What is the first line management of urticaria?

A

Non-sedating antihistamines (cetirizine, loratidine)

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8
Q

What is the second line management of urticaria?

A

Higher dose antihistamines
Leukotriene receptor antagonists

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Dermatology (18 decks)

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