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Respiratory > URTI > Flashcards

URTI Flashcards

1
Q

What are your defence mechanisms

A 
URT filter
Macrophage mucociliary escalator
Cough
General immune
Respiratory tract secretions
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2
Q

What happens if fails

A

Bacteria / virus / fungus can infect the lung

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3
Q

Common viruses

A 
Adenovirus
Influenza A / B
Parainfluenza - croup 
RSV - bronchiolitis 
Rhinovirus - common cold
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4
Q

Common bacteria

A 
H.influuenza
S.pneumonia
Strep A 
M.catarrhalis
S.Aureus
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5
Q

What is rhinitis / acute cold

A

Rhinovirus
Self limiting runny nose
Can be prodrome to more serious - meningitis / pneumonia

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6
Q

How long does sinusitis last

A

2.5 weeks

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7
Q

How long does bronchitis / acute cough las

A

3 weeks

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8
Q

What causes croup

A

Para influenza type 1

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9
Q

What are symptoms of croup

A

Stridor

Barking cough

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10
Q

Are Ax indicated

A

NO

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11
Q

What causes acute epiglottitis

A

H.influenza

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12
Q

Symptoms of acute epiglottis

A 
Life threatening swelling
Stridor
Hypertension, pulse 
Fever
Drooling
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13
Q

How do you treat

A

Intubation

Ax

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14
Q

How do you treat tonsillitis

A

No Rx if viral
10 days penicillin if bacteria
No routine throat swab
Lasts 1 week

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15
Q

How do you differentiate between viral and bacteria

A

CENTOR

Bacteria = exudate / lack cough / pus / fever / cervical LN

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16
Q

Why not amoxicillin

A

Incase caused by EBV

17
Q

What causes otitis media

A

Primary viral
Can get secondary infection
- S.pneumonia
- H.influenza

18
Q

How do you treat

A

Analgesia

Usually resolved by time Ax given- 4days

19
Q

When should you consider amoxicillin

A 
Bilateral + <2
Symptoms +4 days
Systemically unwell
Immunocompromised 
Perforation or discharge
20
Q

When do you give Ax if URTI

A 
If high risk of complications
Comorbid - lung / liver / hert 
CF
Pre-mature
Immunosuppressed
Systemically unwell
21
Q

When do you give Ax to >65 with acute cough

A 
2+ of
Hospital previous year
DM
CCF
Current use of steroid
22
Q

What illness require Ax

A 
Pneumonia
Mastoiditis
Peritonsillar abscess
Intraorbital
Intracranial

Respiratory (23 decks)

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