Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

microbiology 2 > URTI > Flashcards

URTI Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

the common cold

A

40-60% rhinovirus/coronavirus

15-20% influenza/parainfluenza

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

influenza

A

paramyxovirus

usually influenza A or B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

neuraminidase inhibitors

A

oseltamivir

given to patients with severe flu in intensive care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

amantidine

A

only covers influenza A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

pharyngitis

A

at risk groups of streptococcil infections should have antibiotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

causes of pharyngitis

A

adenovirus, coronavirus, parainfluenza, influenza, RSV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

common bacterial causes of pharyngitis

A

strep progenies

arcanobacterium haemolytic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

uncommon bacterial causes of pharyngitis

A

mycoplasma pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

rare bacterial causes of pharyngitis

A

corynebacterium diphtheriae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

EBV

A 
causes exudative pharyngitis/tonsilitis 
fever, sore throat 
cervical lymphadenopathy 
hepatosplenomegaly 
chronic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

streptococcal pharyngitis

A

group A haemolytic strep
abrupt onset sore throat and fever
tender cervical/tonsillar lymph nodes
scarlet fever - turn red due to toxin and strawberry tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

types of investigations

A

throat swab
serology
bloods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

serology

A

detect antibodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

complications of GAS pharyngitis

A 
otitis media
sinusitis 
peritonsillar obsess 
bronchopneumonia 
meningitis 
rheumatic fever 
glomerulonephritis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

quinsy

A

peritonsillar abscess
unusually unilateral
often with mixed anaerobes
surgical drainage often required

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

pharyngitis in indigenous people

A

penicillin for 10 days

notamoxycillin/ampicillin - cross reacts with EBV causing an allergic response

17
Q

acute epiglottis

A

inflammation of the epiglottis
haemophilus influenza capsular type B Hib
rare disease with the advent of immunisation

18
Q

acute epiglottis clinical presentation

A 
children especially 2-4 years old 
common cold 
sudden onset high fever, sore throat 
bacteraemia at presentation, look toxic 
dysphagia prominent, often drool
19
Q

visualising the larynx in acute epiglottis

A

will precipitate in sudden deterioration if a tongue depressor is used
support maintenance of airway and antibiotics

20
Q

diphtheria

A

corynebacterium diphtheriae
bacterium adheres to mucosa, releases exotoxin
causes cell death - necrotic tissue forms a membrane - may cause obstruction
systemic - myocardial toxicity and neurotoxicity - fever, pallor, exhaustion, myocarditis, polyneuritis

21
Q

diphtheria clinical presentation

A

bull neck

22
Q

diphtheria treatment

A

antitoxin (raised in horses)
penicillin or erythromycin
family members given antibiotics and immunisation
despite therapy 2-3% death

23
Q

croup

A

a clinical syndrome

fever, laryngitis, barking cough, inflammatory obstruction of subglottic area in contract to epiglottis

24
Q

croup management

A 
maintenance of airway 
fluid balance and rest 
steroids 
severe cases progress to respiratory failure 
intubation and mechanical ventilation
25
Q

sinusitis

A

infection of paranasal sinuses

inflammatory obstruction of sinus drainage

26
Q

sinusitis clinical presentation

A

fever and coryzal symptoms
unilateral facial swelling and pain
blocked nose, purulent post nasal drip/nasal discharge

27
Q

sinusitis management

A

decongestants
antibiotics of moderate benefit
topical intranasal corticosteroids decrease inflammation
severe and prolonged cases may require surgical drainage

28
Q

sinusitis complications

A

mastoiditis, skull base osteomyelitis, meningitis, brain abscess

29
Q

chronic sinusitis

A

symptoms > 3 weeks
facial pain, post nasal drip and nasal congestion
associated with allergic disorders, diabetes and immunocompromised

30
Q

acute otitis media

A

most kids have one episode
more common in indigenous Australians
allergic conditions predispose

31
Q

treatment of otitis media

A

only indigenous Australians need antibiotics due to higher rate of complications

32
Q

tympanostemy tube

A

inserted into a slit made in the ear drum to allow release of fluid

33
Q

otitis externa

A

infection of the external ear canal
swimmers ear
diabetics and patients on immunosuppressants often have serious infections - malignant otitis externa

microbiology 2 (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions