Urology- Emergencies Flashcards
what is acute urinary retention
inability to urinate with inc pain
types of acute urinary retention
spontaneous
precipitated
what drugs cause urinary retention/ LUTS
sympathomimetics and anti-cholinergic effects
mx of acute urinary retention
catheter + alpha blocker
main complication of acute urinay retention
post-obstructive diuresis:
- BOO pt + uraemia, CCF, HT
- monitor UO
acute loin pain is commonly due to..
ureteric colic
mx of acute loin pain
NSAIDs, + opiates + alpha-blocker the are expected to pass
if no passage in 1month consider surgical intervention (or if unrelieved pain, pyre, nausea)
frank haematuria aetiology
stones, infection, tumours, BPH, polycystic kidneys, trauma
how to manage frank haematuria
clot retention: use a 3-way irrigating haematuria catheter
acute scrotum can be due to many things, mainly…
testicular torsion
what is testicular torsion/torsion of spermatic cord
when testis and cord rotate around blood supply
what is a Bell-Clapper Deformity
when tunica vaginalis sits high
some s/s of testicular torsion
sudden onset pain, nausea/vomiting, referred pain to lower abdomen
main sign of testicular tosion
absence of cremasteric reflex
mx of testicular torsion
prompt exploration- necrosis of testicle may begin within 4hrs of presentation
torsion of appendix testes often has…
a blue dot sign
what differentiates the presentation of torsion of appendix testes from normal tastes
mobile testes and cremasteric reflex present
what is epidydimitis
Pyrexia more common & pyuria- inflammation of the epidydimis due to UTI, urethritis, catheterisation
paraphimosis is…
painful swelling of foreskin distal to phimotic ring due to retracted foreskin for catheterisation and forget to put it down into natural position
what is Fourniere’s gangrene
necrotising fasciitis of male genitalia- starts as cellulitis then progresses to fever, crepitus in scrotum and dark purple areas
mx of Fourniere’s gangrene
abx + surgical debridement
