Urology Flashcards
Two benefits of circumcision?
- Decrease rate of UTI
- Decrease rate of some STIs
If cleaning an uncircumcised penis, you can clean with mild soap and water but then…
Return foreskin to natural position after cleaning
What condition involves inability to retract foreskin due to scarring that occurs secondary to infection/inflammation?
Phimosis (pathologic)
Two treatments for Phimosis?
- Stretching exercises
- Topical steroids
What condition is a urologic emergency involving retracted foreskin (uncircumcised) that cannot be returned to natural position?
Paraphimosis
What condition involves entrapment → impaired venous flow → engorgement → arterial compromise?
Paraphimosis
What condition involves edema, tenderness of glans and distal retracted foreskin (band), color change (black/blue) if ischemic?
Paraphimosis
What condition involves treatment of pain control, prompt manual reduction, surgical intervention by urology (dorsal slit)?
Paraphimosis
What condition involves congenital anomaly (rare) with dorsal displacement of urethral opening?
Epispadias
What condition may occur with bladder exstrophy (exposed bladder onto lower abdomen)?
Epispadias
What condition involves congenital anomaly with ventral displacement of urethral opening?
Hypospadias
Which condition may involve Chordee?
Hypospadias
What condition involves abnormal penile curvature?
Chordee
What condition involves PE findings of abnormal foreskin with second opening (one is false); examine for palpable testes (cryptorchidism?)
Hypospadias
With what condition should NO circumcision be considered during newborn period?
Hypospadias
What is the most common GU abnormality?
Cryptorchidism
What condition involves no spontaneous descension into scrotum by 4 months (testes may be absent, undescended or retractile (also consider ascending or ectopic))?
Cryptorchidism
What three conditions are of increased risk with Cryptorchidism?
- Testicular torsion
- Subfertility
- Testicular CA
Which condition involves absent testicle unilateral or bilateral with flat, underdeveloped scrotum (may need US)? Where are the tests often displaced (think location)?
Cryptorchidism
- Undescended testes are often suprascrotal
What condition involves treatment of most spontaneously resolve by 3-4 months; if not by 4 months, urology referral for surgery (orchiopexy to reposition/attach into scrotum)?
Cryptorchidism
What condition is a urologic emergency involving twisting of spermatic cord due to poorly anchored testicle?
Testicular Torsion
Which two conditions are considered urologic emergencies?
- Paraphimosis
- Testicular Torsion
Which condition involves at risk for vascular compromise; two peak incidences in neonatal period and puberty (12-18 years)?
Testicular Torsion
Which condition involves abrupt onset of severe, constant testicular/scrotal pain, N/V?
Testicular Torsion