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Peds II > Oncology > Flashcards

Oncology Flashcards

1
Q

Weight loss, refractory headaches, increased swelling/pain, excessive bruising/bleeding/rash, lump/mass, constant infections, whitish color behind pupil, nausea/vomiting, constant fatigue, eye/vision changes, recurrent FUO are all signs of what?

A

WARNING SIGNS OF CA

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2
Q

What is the most common malignancy of childhood?

A

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)

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3
Q

Which condition is due to uncontrolled proliferation of immature lymphocytes?

A

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)

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4
Q

What condition is associated with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)?

A

Down syndrome

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5
Q

Which condition is associated with bone pain, intermittent fever/fatigue/pallor?

A

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)

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6
Q

Which condition is associated with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL), and considered an emergency?

A

Tumor Lysis Syndrome

- Due to massive tumor cell lysis

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7
Q

Which condition involves uncontrolled proliferation of myeloblasts?

A

Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)

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8
Q

Which two conditions are associated with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)?

A
  • Down syndrome

- NF-1

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9
Q

Which condition involves hyperleukocytosis (>100,000) = emergency, Auer rods and circulating myeloblasts, BM biopsy shows 20+% blasts?

A

Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)

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10
Q

Which condition involves myeloproliferative disorder of mature/maturing granulocytes?

A

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)

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11
Q

What is the only risk factor associated with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)?

A

Radiation exposure

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12
Q

Which condition involves chronic phase → accelerated phase → blast phase, and which phase is considered most problematic?

A

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)

- Blast phase is worst

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13
Q

Which condition involves myeloid cells in all stages of maturation, 20+% blasts if in blast crisis?

A

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)

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14
Q

Which condition involves the presence of Philadelphia Chromosome?

A

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)

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15
Q

What is the recommended treatment for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)?

A

Tyrosine kinase inhibitor

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16
Q

What is often the recommended (specific) treatment for childhood CA’s, and which condition is considered slightly different from the others?

A

HSCT (allogenic)

- Hodgkin Lymphoma involves HSCT (autologous) rather than allogenic

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17
Q

Which condition arises in lymph nodes with LOCAL spread?

A

Hodgkin Lymphoma

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18
Q

Which condition involves painless cervical/supraclavicular LAD; mediastinal mass?

A

Hodgkin Lymphoma

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19
Q

Which condition involves Reed-Sternberg cells (malignant B cells)?

A

Hodgkin Lymphoma

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20
Q

Which condition arises from any lymphoid tissue with DISTANT spread?

A

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

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21
Q

Which condition involves rapidly proliferating, high-grade, diffuse malignancies?

A

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

22
Q

Which condition is VERY progressive (1-3 weeks) – LAD, general symptoms; hepato/splenomegaly if advanced?

A

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

23
Q

What condition should be cautioned for with Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma?

A

Tumor Lysis Syndrome

24
Q

What is the most common solid tumor of childhood?

A

BRAIN TUMOR

25
Q

What is the leading cause of death from childhood CA?

A

BRAIN TUMOR

26
Q

Which condition involves AM headache, vomiting and papilledema?

A

Brain Tumor

27
Q

Which condition involves a larger head circumference, vomiting, lethargy, irritable, FTT, developmental delay?

A

Brain Tumor

28
Q

Which condition involves HA, visual symptoms, seizure, focal neuro deficits, school failure, personality changes?

A

Brain Tumor

29
Q

What is the preferred diagnostic test for a Brain Tumor?

A

MRI

30
Q

What will be seen on tissue biopsy if the brain tumor is Glial? What if it is Nonglial?

A
  • Astrocytoma if Glial Tumor

- Medulloblastomas if Nonglial

31
Q

What is the most common abdominal tumor?

A

Neuroblastoma

32
Q

What is the most common solid neoplasm outside CNS (adrenal gland)?

A

Neuroblastoma

33
Q

Which condition involves an abdominal mass (firm, fixed, irregular) that extends beyond midline?

A

Neuroblastoma

34
Q

Which condition will show urinary catecholamines?

A

Neuroblastoma

35
Q

What is the second most common abdominal tumor?

A

Nephroblastoma (Wilms Tumor)

36
Q

Which condition involves asymptomatic abdominal mass/swelling that rarely crosses midline?

A

Nephroblastoma (Wilms Tumor)

37
Q

What is the most common primary bone malignancy?

A

Osteosarcoma

38
Q

Which condition occurs in long bones (metaphysis)?

A

Osteosarcoma

39
Q

Which condition involves bone pain at site, mass formation, fracture; antalgic gait?

A

Osteosarcoma

40
Q

What is the second most common primary bone malignancy?

A

Ewing Sarcoma

41
Q

Which condition occurs in long bones (diaphysis)?

A

Ewing Sarcoma

42
Q

Which condition often affects white males in 2nd decade of life?

A

Ewing Sarcoma

43
Q

Which condition involves bone pain worse at night?

A

Ewing Sarcoma

44
Q

Which condition is the most common intraocular tumor?

A

Retinoblastoma

45
Q

Which childhood CA can be inherited?

A

Retinoblastoma

46
Q

Which condition involves white pupillary light reflex (leukocoria); strabismus, nystagmus, red/inflamed eye?

A

Retinoblastoma

47
Q

Which condition involves chalky, off-white retinal mass with soft, friable consistency?

A

Retinoblastoma

48
Q

Is a biopsy recommended for Retinoblastoma, and why or why not?

A

NO

- Can lead to tumor seeding

49
Q

What is the most common soft tissue sarcoma?

A

Rhabdomyosarcoma

50
Q

Which condition can involve any body part (head, neck most common in young children; extremity tumors in adolescents)?

A

Rhabdomyosarcoma

51
Q

What is the most common type is hepatoblastoma?

A

Hepatic Tumors

52
Q

Which condition involves elevated AFP; US, CT/MRI; treatment of surgery (complete resection)?

A

Hepatic Tumors

Peds II (12 decks)

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