Urology

Question 1

Overactive bladder

Answer 1

Antimuscarinic drugs
(oxybutyn, tolterodine, darifenacin)

mirabegron if fails

Question 2

Nocturia

Answer 2

restrict fluid intake
Furosemide 40mg
desmopressin

Question 3

Male voiding problems

Answer 3

• conservative measures include: pelvic floor muscle training, bladder training, prudent fluid intake and containment products
• if ‘moderate’ or ‘severe’ symptoms offer an alpha-blocker (doxazosin, tamsulosin)
• if the prostate is enlarged and ‘considered at high risk of progression’ then a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor(finasteride)
• enlarged prostate and ‘moderate’ or ‘severe’ symptoms offer both an alpha-blocker + 5-alpha
• mixed symptoms of voiding and storage not responding to an alpha blocker then a antimuscarinic (anticholinergic) drug may be added

Question 4

Epididymal cysts

Answer 4

separate from the body of the testicle
found posterior to the testicle

polycystic kidney disease
cystic fibrosis
von Hippel-Lindau syndrome