Urogenital and Pelvic Diaphragms

Question 1

What two triangles make up the perineum?

Answer 1

The urogenital triangle and the anal triangle

*Pubic symphysis to ischial tuberosity to coccyx to ischial tuberosity to pubic symphysis

Question 2

What are the differences of the hips in males vs females?

Answer 2

Males:
are thicker and heavier 
Heart-shaped
Round obturator foramen
Narrow subpubic arch (less than 70 degrees)

Females: Thinner and lighter
Oval
Oval obturator foramen
Wide subpubic arch

Question 3

The acetabulum is larger or smaller in males?

Answer 3

Larger

Question 4

The greater sciatic notch is more narrow or wider in males?

Answer 4

A more narrow inverted V in males while in females is almost 90 degrees

Question 5

What are the four types of pelvic shapes?

Answer 5

Android, gynecoid, anthropoid, and platypelloid

Question 6

What pelvis is the normal female type?

Answer 6

Gynecoid

Question 7

What pelvis is the normal male type?

Answer 7

Android

Question 8

What are the non diaphragmatic pelvic muscles?

Answer 8

Obturator internus and piriformis

Question 9

Where does the obturator internus m run?

Answer 9

From the internal surface of the obturator membrane to the greater trochanter

Question 10

Where does the piriformis m run?

Answer 10

From the internal surface of the sacrum (surrounding the ventral rami) to the greater trochanter

Question 11

What is the perineum?

Answer 11

The surface area of the trunk between the thighs and the buttocks

Question 12

Pelvic diaphragm = ?

Answer 12

coccygeus + levator ani

Question 13

Levator ani = ?

Answer 13

pubococcygeus + puborectalis + iliococcygeus

Question 14

Where does the coccygeus attach to and lie?

Answer 14

Attaches from the ischial spine to the inferior sacrum and coccyx, lies directly anterior to the sacrospinous ligament

Question 15

What is the posterior tendious arch that blends with anococcygeal ligament?

Answer 15

Iliococcygeus

Question 16

What are the attachments to the pubococcygeus?

Answer 16

From the pubic ramus to coccyx and anococcygeal ligament

Question 17

What muscle forms a loop around the anus?

Answer 17

puborectalis

Question 18

What are subdivisions of the pubococcygeus?

Answer 18

Pubovaginalis and puboprostaticus

Question 19

What fibers of the puborectalis loop around and help to support the vagina or prostate?

Answer 19

pubovaginalis or puboprostaticus

Question 20

The tendinous arch of the levator ani muscles is derived from what?

Answer 20

obturator internus fascia

Question 21

What is the wedge -shaped area between the skin and the interior surface of the pelvic diaphragm?

Answer 21

The ischioanal fossa, usually filled with fat and loose connective tissue

Question 22

What makes the lateral boundary of the ischioanal fossa?

Answer 22

Ischium, obturator interus with fascia

Question 23

What makes the medial boundary of the ischioanal fossa?

Answer 23

External anal sphincter with levator ani muscle

Question 24

What makes the posterior boundary of the ischioanal fossa?

Answer 24

Sacrotuberous ligament and edge of gluteus maximus

Question 25

What makes the anterior boundary of the ischioanal fossa?

Answer 25

Urogenital traingle and anterior recesses of the ischioanal fossa

Question 26

The obturator internus has what canal?

Answer 26

the pudendal canal that holds the internal pudendal artery and vein with pudendal nerve