Urogenital Flashcards
Crivellenti, JAVMA, 2018:
Core needle renal biopsies vs laparotomy or laparoscopic biopsies
What factor(s) were associated with the number of glomeruli obtained per needle core specimen?
Specimens obtained by which approach(es) more commonly contained medullary tissue?
Crivellenti, JAVMA, 2018:
Factors associated with the number of glomeruli obtained per needle core specimen:
-needle gauge
-patient age
-serum creatinine concentration
-degree of proteinuria
Specimens obtained via laparotomy or laparoscopic approaches more commonly contained medullary tissue compared to ultrasound-guided approaches
McAloney, JAVMA, 2018:
Cytologic examination of renal FNAs
What % of specimens had slides adequate for interpretation?
Sensitivity of cytologic examination for detection of neoplastic vs non-neoplastic conditions?
Specificity of cytologic examination for detection of neoplastic vs non-neoplastic conditions?
McAloney, JAVMA, 2018:
72% of specimens had slides adequate for interpretation
Sensitivity of cytologic examination: 78% for neoplastic conditions vs 50% for non-neoplastic conditions
Specificity of cytologic examination: 50% for neoplastic conditions vs 77% for non-neoplastic conditions
Petrovsky, JAVMA, 2019:
Endoscopic nephrolithotomy
What was the most common nephrolith type?
Procedure-related complications?
Mortality rate?
Petrovsky, JAVMA, 2019:
Most common nephrolith type was calcium oxalate
Procedure-related complications: renal puncture-associated hemorrhage requiring blood transfusion, renal capsule tear, ureteral puncture
Mortality rate: 0%
Deroy, JAVMA, 2017:
DPU stents vs SUB devices in cats
What were SUB devices associated with?
Most common peri-op complication of DPU stenting?
Which procedure was more likely to be associated with signs of cystitis?
Peri-op mortality rate for DPU stent vs SUB device placement?
Which procedure was more likely to develop device obstruction due to encrustation in the long-term?
Deroy, JAVMA, 2017:
SUB devices were associated with a shorter duration of surgery, fewer complications, fewer additional procedures after device placement, and longer survival time
Most common peri-op complication of DPU stenting was uroabdomen (18%)
Cats in the DPU stent group developed signs of cystitis more commonly than cats in the SUB device group (52% vs 22%)
Peri-op mortality rates: 18% for DPU stenting vs 13% for SUB device placement
DPU stents were more likely to develop device obstruction due to encrustation in the long-term compared to SUB devices (26% vs 4%)
Pavia, JAVMA, 2018:
Ureteral stenting in dogs
Major and minor intra-op complication rates?
Short-term and long-term complication rates?
What % of dogs developed post-op hematuria?
What % of dogs required stent exchange and what % required stent replacement with a SUB device?
What was associated with requiring stent exchange or replacement?
Pre-op UTI was not associated with the outcome or development of long-term complications - true or false?
Pavia, JAVMA, 2018:
Intra-op complication rates: 5% major, 4% minor
Short-term complication rate: 13%
Long-term complication rate: 47%
20% developed post-op hematuria
12% required stent exchange and 4% required stent replacement with a SUB device
Calcium apatite or phosphate stones had an increased risk of requiring stent exchange or replacement
True
Nesser, Vet Surg, 2018:
Ureteral stones in cats
Association between stone size and stone location?
Nesser, Vet Surg, 2018:
Larger stone size was associated with a more proximal stone location
Cray, JAVMA, 2018:
Treatment of pyonephrosis with a SUB device
What % of the cats developed post-op occlusion of the cystostomy catheter with purulent material?
What % of cats had resolution of the UTI?
Cray, JAVMA, 2018:
25% developed post-op occlusion of the cystostomy catheter with purulent material
75% had resolution of the UTI
Berent, JAVMA, 2018:
SUB device in cats
What % of cats had bilateral ureteral obstruction?
What % of cats were azotemic?
List 3 post-op complications.
Mortality rate?
Most common long-term complication?
What was associated with SUB device occlusion?
Berent, JAVMA, 2018:
39% had bilateral ureteral obstruction
95% were azotemic
Post-op complications: device occlusion with blood clots (8%), device tubing kinking (5%), device leakage (4%)
Mortality rate: 6%
Most common long-term complication was catheter mineralization (24% of cases)
High post-op serum ionised calcium concentration was associated with SUB device occlusion
Balsa, JAVMA, 2019:
Post-obstructive diuresis following ureteral stent or SUB device placement in cats
Did cats with anuria before surgery have shorter or longer post-obstructive diuresis?
Mortality rate?
What % of cats had resolution of azotemia?
Balsa, JAVMA, 2019:
Cats with anuria before surgery had longer post-obstructive diuresis
Mortality rate: 8%
Azotemia resolved in 50% of the cats
Balsa, JAVMA, 2019:
Cats with anuria before surgery had longer post-obstructive diuresis
Mortality rate: 8%
Azotemia resolved in 50% of the cats
Frem, JAVMA, 2017:
Short-term complication rates: 18% minor, 2% major
Minor long-term complication rate: 42%
Pre-op UTI was associated with the development of minor short-term complications
No, use of an indwelling urinary catheter post-op was not associated with post-op complications
Frem, JAVMA, 2017:
Short-term complication rates: 18% minor, 2% major
Minor long-term complication rate: 42%
Pre-op UTI was associated with the development of minor short-term complications
No, use of an indwelling urinary catheter post-op was not associated with post-op complications
Seitz, JAVMA, 2018:
42% developed recurrent urethral obstruction
Hamon, Vet Surg, 2019:
Transobturator vaginal tape inside out
1-year post-op continence rate?
Recurrence rate?
Hamon, Vet Surg, 2019:
1-year post-op continence rate: 58%
Recurrence rate: 50% at a median of 2 months post-op
Hamlin, VRU, 2019:
Urinary bladder TCC in cats vs dogs
Location of bladder TCC in cats vs dogs?
Urethral extension of tumor in cats vs dogs?
Hamlin, VRU, 2019:
Feline bladder TCC was more likely to be mid-body vs trigonal in dogs
Urethral extension of the tumor was less likely in cats than in dogs
Bennett, Vet Surg, 2018:
Total prostatectomy for prostatic carcinoma in dogs
Distribution of tumor types?
What % of dogs had evidence of nodal metastasis?
Minor and major complication rates?
What % of dogs had permanent post-op urinary incontinence?
Median disease-free interval?
MST?
Bennett, Vet Surg, 2018:
60% TCC, 32% adenocarcinoma, 4% undifferentiated carcinoma, 4% papillary cystadenocarcinoma
4% had nodal metastasis
60% minor complication rate, 16% major complication rate
35% had permanent post-op urinary incontinence
Median DFI: 82 days
MST: 231 days
Place
Hormones for Ovarian Remnant Syndrome
JAVMA 2019
Combined
~Anti-Mullerian hormone
~Progesterone
Ogilvie
Silver coated Urinary catheter
JAVMA 2018
Factors associated with bacteriuria
~Older age
~Longer duration of catheterization