Uro-genital anatomy (Yr 1)

Question 1

what supplied blood to the kidneys?

Answer 1

left/right renal artery and vein

Question 2

what are the two gross sections of the kidney?

Answer 2

cortex on outside
medulla on inside

Question 3

which kidney is more cranial?

Answer 3

right (left is left behind)
left is midline in ruminants due to rumen

Question 4

what is the trigone?

Answer 4

area of bladder where ureters enter and urethra exits

Question 5

what connects the bladder to the abdominal wall?

Answer 5

median ligament (remnant of urachus)

Question 6

what connects bladder to pelvic wall?

Answer 6

lateral ligaments (remnants of umbilical artery)

Question 7

what is the order of anatomy in the female reproductive tract from ovaries to vestibule?

Answer 7

ovaries, ovarian bursa, uterine tube, uterine horns, uterine body, cervix, vagina, vestibule

Question 8

what connects the ovary to uterine tube?

Answer 8

infundibulum (funnel shape)

Question 9

what are the peritoneal attachments of the ovary?

Answer 9

ovarian ligament (mesovarium)
mesosalpinx
suspensory ligament
proper ligament of ovary

Question 10

what is the ovarian ligament function?

Answer 10

attach ovary to lateral body wall

Question 11

what is the mesosalpinx function?

Answer 11

attach ovary to uterine (fallopian) tube

Question 12

what is the function of the proper ligament of the ovary?

Answer 12

attach ovary to uterine horn

Question 13

what attaches the uterus to lateral body wall?

Answer 13

mesometrium (broad ligament)

Question 14

what is the inguinal canal?

Answer 14

potential space between layers of abdominal wall muscles that communicate with the external pouch

Question 15

what is the function of the median septum?

Answer 15

separates the two testes within the scrotum

Question 16

what supplies blood to the scrotum?

Answer 16

branch of external pudendal artery/vein

Question 17

what are the layers of the testis?

Answer 17

skin
tunica dartos
spermatic fascia (external spermatic fascia, cremasteric fascia, internal spermatic fascia)
parietal peritoneum
visceral peritoneum

Question 18

what are the parts if the epidermis?

Answer 18

head, body, tail

Question 19

what is the function of the ductus deferens?

Answer 19

convey sperm from tail of epidermis to urethra

Question 20

what is contained in the spermatic cord?

Answer 20

ductus deferens
testicular vein/artery
(it is a peritoneal fold continuous with the vaginal tunic)

Question 21

what allows cooling of arterial blood before it reaches the testes?

Answer 21

pampiniform plexus (testicular vein wraps around the artery forming a mesh for heat exchange)

Question 22

what attaches the spermatic sac to the scrotum?

Answer 22

scrotal ligament

Question 23

what does the terminology “open” or “closed” castration relate to?

Answer 23

whether the abdominal cavity remains closed or is open (if you incise the vaginal tunic or not)

Question 24

what ligament is broken in open castration?

Answer 24

ligament of the tail of the epididymis

Question 25

what ligament is broken in closed castration?

Answer 25

scrotal ligament

Question 26

what are the erectile tissues of the penis called?

Answer 26

corpus cavernosum corpus spongiosum

Question 27

what is the corpus spongiosum?

Answer 27

erectile tissue that encloses from urethra (bulb) to top of penis (glans)

Question 28

what are the two types of corpus cavernosum?

Answer 28

musculocavernous (smooth muscle with large cavernous space) fibro-elastic (tissue arranged in a sigmoid flexure with small cavernous space)

Question 29

what supplies blood to the penis?

Answer 29

internal pudendal artery/vein

Question 30

what are the muscles of the penis?

Answer 30

retractor penis muscle ischiocavernous muscle bulbospongiosus muscle

Question 31

what is the function of the retractor penis muscle?

Answer 31

smooth muscle to help retract penis into the sheath

Question 32

what is the function of the ischiocavernosus muscle?

Answer 32

prevents venous drainage of blood during an erection rhythmic contracts increase pressure in corpus cavernosum during erection

Question 33

what is the function of the bulbospongiosus muscle?

Answer 33

prevent venous drainage during erections rhythmic contractions increase pressure in corpus cavernosum during erections

Question 34

what are the accessory glands that may be present in males?

Answer 34

ampulla of ductus deferens vesicular gland prostate gland bulb-urethral gland