Uro-genital anatomy (Yr 1) Flashcards
what supplied blood to the kidneys?
left/right renal artery and vein
what are the two gross sections of the kidney?
cortex on outside
medulla on inside
which kidney is more cranial?
right (left is left behind)
left is midline in ruminants due to rumen
what is the trigone?
area of bladder where ureters enter and urethra exits
what connects the bladder to the abdominal wall?
median ligament (remnant of urachus)
what connects bladder to pelvic wall?
lateral ligaments (remnants of umbilical artery)
what is the order of anatomy in the female reproductive tract from ovaries to vestibule?
ovaries, ovarian bursa, uterine tube, uterine horns, uterine body, cervix, vagina, vestibule
what connects the ovary to uterine tube?
infundibulum (funnel shape)
what are the peritoneal attachments of the ovary?
ovarian ligament (mesovarium)
mesosalpinx
suspensory ligament
proper ligament of ovary
what is the ovarian ligament function?
attach ovary to lateral body wall
what is the mesosalpinx function?
attach ovary to uterine (fallopian) tube
what is the function of the proper ligament of the ovary?
attach ovary to uterine horn
what attaches the uterus to lateral body wall?
mesometrium (broad ligament)
what is the inguinal canal?
potential space between layers of abdominal wall muscles that communicate with the external pouch
what is the function of the median septum?
separates the two testes within the scrotum
what supplies blood to the scrotum?
branch of external pudendal artery/vein
what are the layers of the testis?
skin
tunica dartos
spermatic fascia (external spermatic fascia, cremasteric fascia, internal spermatic fascia)
parietal peritoneum
visceral peritoneum
what are the parts if the epidermis?
head, body, tail
what is the function of the ductus deferens?
convey sperm from tail of epidermis to urethra
what is contained in the spermatic cord?
ductus deferens
testicular vein/artery
(it is a peritoneal fold continuous with the vaginal tunic)
what allows cooling of arterial blood before it reaches the testes?
pampiniform plexus (testicular vein wraps around the artery forming a mesh for heat exchange)
what attaches the spermatic sac to the scrotum?
scrotal ligament
what does the terminology “open” or “closed” castration relate to?
whether the abdominal cavity remains closed or is open (if you incise the vaginal tunic or not)
what ligament is broken in open castration?
ligament of the tail of the epididymis
what ligament is broken in closed castration?
scrotal ligament
what are the erectile tissues of the penis called?
corpus cavernosum
corpus spongiosum
what is the corpus spongiosum?
erectile tissue that encloses from urethra (bulb) to top of penis (glans)
what are the two types of corpus cavernosum?
musculocavernous (smooth muscle with large cavernous space)
fibro-elastic (tissue arranged in a sigmoid flexure with small cavernous space)
what supplies blood to the penis?
internal pudendal artery/vein
what are the muscles of the penis?
retractor penis muscle
ischiocavernous muscle
bulbospongiosus muscle
what is the function of the retractor penis muscle?
smooth muscle to help retract penis into the sheath
what is the function of the ischiocavernosus muscle?
prevents venous drainage of blood during an erection
rhythmic contracts increase pressure in corpus cavernosum during erection
what is the function of the bulbospongiosus muscle?
prevent venous drainage during erections
rhythmic contractions increase pressure in corpus cavernosum during erections
what are the accessory glands that may be present in males?
ampulla of ductus deferens
vesicular gland
prostate gland
bulb-urethral gland
