Urine Sediment Constituents Flashcards
RBC appearance
- Non-nucleated biconcave disks
- Crenated
*Ghost cells - Dysmorphic
RBC in hypertonic urine
crenated
RBC in hypotonic/hyposthenuric urine
Ghost cells
RBC Sources of
Identification error
- Yeast cells
*Oil droplets - Air bubbles
RBC reporting
Reporting
clinical significance of rbc in urine
associated with damage
to the glomerular membrane or vascular injury within the
genitourinary tract.
WBC in hypotonic urine
Glitter cells
WBC Sources of
Identification error
Renal tubular epithelial cells
WBC Complete urinalysis
correlation
- Leukocyte esterase
- Nitrite
- Specific gravity
- pH
Largest cells in the sediment with
abundant, irregular cytoplasm and
prominent nuclei
Squamous Epithelial Cells
Epithelial Cells (Squamous) reporting
Rare, few, moderate, or many per lpf
squamous EC Complete urinalysis
correlation
clarity
Spherical, polyhedral, or caudate
with centrally located nucleus
Transitional/Urothelial Epithelial Cells
Epithelial Cells (Transitional/Urothelial) Complete urinalysis
correlation
clarity
blood
Rectangular, columnar, round, oval or,
cuboidal with an eccentric nucleus possibly bilirubin-stained or hemosiderin-laden
Renal Tubular epithelial cell
RTE Complete
urinalysis
correlation
- Leukocyte esterase and nitrite (pyelonephritis)
- Color *Clarity
- Protein *Bilirubin (hepatitis)
RTE sources of
Identification
error
Spherical transitional cells Granular casts
- Highly refractile RTE cells
Oval Fat Bodies
Oval Fat Bodies sources of error
Confirm with fat stains and polarized
microscopy
oval fat bodies Complete urinalysis
correlation
- Clarity
- Blood
- Protein
- Free fat droplets/fatty casts
Small spherical and rod-shaped structures
bacteria
bacteria sources of error
Amorphous phosphates and urates
bacteria Complete urinalysis
correlation
- pH
- Nitrite
- LE
- WBCs
Small, oval, refractile structures with
buds and/or mycelia
yeast
yeast sources of error
rbc
yeast Complete urinalysis
correlation
*Glucose
* LE
*WBCs
Pear-shaped, motile, flagellated
parasite
parasite sources of error
*WBCs
* renal tubular epithelial cells
parasite Complete
urinalysis
correlation
- LE
- WBC
Tapered oval head with
long, thin tail
spermatozoa
spermatozoa Complete urinalysis
correlation
protein
Single or clumped threads with a
low refractive index
mucus
mucus sources of error
- Hyaline casts
Unique to kidney
urine cast / cast
Colorless homogenous matrix
hyaline cast
hyaline cast sources of error
Mucus, fibers, hair, increased lighting
hyaline Complete urinalysis
correlation
- Protein -Blood (exercise)
- Color (exercise)
hyaline cast Clinical significance
*Glomerulonephritis
* Pyelonephritis
* Chronic renal disease
* Congestive heart failure
* Stress and exercise
Highly refractile cast with jagged ends
and notches
waxy cast
