Urine Sediment Constituents

Question 1

RBC appearance

Answer 1

• Non-nucleated biconcave disks
• Crenated
  *Ghost cells
• Dysmorphic

Question 2

RBC in hypertonic urine

Answer 2

crenated

Question 3

RBC in hypotonic/hyposthenuric urine

Answer 3

Ghost cells

Question 4

RBC Sources of
Identification error

Answer 4

• Yeast cells
  *Oil droplets
• Air bubbles

Question 5

RBC reporting

Answer 5

Reporting

Question 6

clinical significance of rbc in urine

Answer 6

associated with damage
to the glomerular membrane or vascular injury within the
genitourinary tract.

Question 7

WBC in hypotonic urine

Answer 7

Glitter cells

Question 8

WBC Sources of
Identification error

Answer 8

Renal tubular epithelial cells

Question 9

WBC Complete urinalysis
correlation

Answer 9

• Leukocyte esterase
• Nitrite
• Specific gravity
• pH

Question 10

Largest cells in the sediment with
abundant, irregular cytoplasm and
prominent nuclei

Answer 10

Squamous Epithelial Cells

Question 11

Epithelial Cells (Squamous) reporting

Answer 11

Rare, few, moderate, or many per lpf

Question 12

squamous EC Complete urinalysis
correlation

Answer 12

clarity

Question 13

Spherical, polyhedral, or caudate
with centrally located nucleus

Answer 13

Transitional/Urothelial Epithelial Cells

Question 14

Epithelial Cells (Transitional/Urothelial) Complete urinalysis
correlation

Answer 14

clarity
blood

Question 15

Rectangular, columnar, round, oval or,
cuboidal with an eccentric nucleus possibly bilirubin-stained or hemosiderin-laden

Answer 15

Renal Tubular epithelial cell

Question 16

RTE Complete
urinalysis
correlation

Answer 16

• Leukocyte esterase and nitrite (pyelonephritis)
• Color *Clarity
• Protein *Bilirubin (hepatitis)

Question 17

RTE sources of
Identification
error

Answer 17

Spherical transitional cells Granular casts

Question 18

• Highly refractile RTE cells

Answer 18

Oval Fat Bodies

Question 19

Oval Fat Bodies sources of error

Answer 19

Confirm with fat stains and polarized
microscopy

Question 20

oval fat bodies Complete urinalysis
correlation

Answer 20

• Clarity
• Blood
• Protein
• Free fat droplets/fatty casts

Question 21

Small spherical and rod-shaped structures

Answer 21

bacteria

Question 22

bacteria sources of error

Answer 22

Amorphous phosphates and urates

Question 23

bacteria Complete urinalysis
correlation

Answer 23

• pH
• Nitrite
• LE
• WBCs

Question 24

Small, oval, refractile structures with
buds and/or mycelia

Answer 24

yeast

Question 25

yeast sources of error

Answer 25

rbc

Question 26

yeast Complete urinalysis correlation

Answer 26

*Glucose * LE *WBCs

Question 27

Pear-shaped, motile, flagellated

Answer 27

parasite

Question 28

parasite sources of error

Answer 28

*WBCs * renal tubular epithelial cells

Question 29

parasite Complete urinalysis correlation

Answer 29

- LE - WBC

Question 30

Tapered oval head with long, thin tail

Answer 30

spermatozoa

Question 31

spermatozoa Complete urinalysis correlation

Answer 31

protein

Question 32

Single or clumped threads with a low refractive index

Answer 32

mucus

Question 33

mucus sources of error

Answer 33

* Hyaline casts

Question 34

Unique to kidney

Answer 34

urine cast / cast

Question 35

Colorless homogenous matrix

Answer 35

hyaline cast

Question 36

hyaline cast sources of error

Answer 36

Mucus, fibers, hair, increased lighting

Question 37

hyaline Complete urinalysis correlation

Answer 37

* Protein -Blood (exercise) * Color (exercise)

Question 38

hyaline cast Clinical significance

Answer 38

*Glomerulonephritis * Pyelonephritis * Chronic renal disease * Congestive heart failure * Stress and exercise

Question 39

Highly refractile cast with jagged ends and notches

Answer 39

waxy cast