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AUBF LEC PRELIM > Renal function > Flashcards

Renal function Flashcards

1
Q

Kidney’s function

A
  1. Maintaining homeostasis
  2. Excretion of waste products
  3. Concerned with the maintenance
    of blood pressure and
    erythropoiesis
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2
Q

Renal function:

A

A. Renal Blood Flow
B. Glomerular Filtration
C. Tubular Reabsorption
D. Tubular Secretion

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3
Q

Contains pores and are referred to as fenestrated

A

Capillary wall membrane

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4
Q

Consists of coil approximately 8 capillary lobes referred to as a capillary tuft

A

Glomerular filtration

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5
Q

Thin membrane podocytes

A

Visceral layer of bowman’s capsule

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6
Q

Endothelial capillaries

A

capillary wall membrane

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7
Q

supplies blood to the
kidney.

A

renal artery

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8
Q

Total renal blood flow

A

1200 ml/min

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9
Q

Total renal plasma flow

A

600-700 ml/min

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10
Q

glomerular function located within the

A

bowman’s capsule

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11
Q

Necessary to overcome the opposition of pressure from the fluid from the bowman’s capsule and the oncotic pressure of unfiltered plasma protein

A

Hydrostatic pressure

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12
Q

caused by size of afferent and efferent arteriole

A

presence of hydrostatic

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13
Q

Dilation of the afferent arterioles and construction of the efferent arterioles

A

BP drops

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14
Q

Caused by size afferent and efferent arteriole

A

Presence of hydrostatic pressure

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15
Q

restriction of large molecules occurs as the filtrate passes

A

Basement membrane (basal lamina)

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16
Q

regulates the flow of blood to and within the
glomerulus.

A

RAAS (Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System)

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17
Q

Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System

A

JUXTAGLOMERULAR APPARATUS

18
Q

FUNCTIONS OF ANGIOTENSIN II

A
  1. Vasodilation of afferent & vasoconstriction of efferent arteriole.
  2. Stimulate Sodium reabsorption in the Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT).
  3. Release of the hormone Aldosterone from adrenal cortex.
  4. Release of Antidiuretic hormone from hypothalamus
19
Q

Substance to be reabsorbed must combine to a carrier protein contained in
the membranes of the renal tubular cells

A

active transport

20
Q

plasma concentration at which active transport stops

A

renal threshold

21
Q

The body cannot lose 120 mL of water-containing essential substances every minute

A

tubular reabsorption

22
Q

movement of molecules across membrane as a result of
differences in their concentration or electrical potential.

A

passive transport

23
Q

location of Glucose
Amino acids
Salts

A

Proximal Convoluted
Tubule

24
Q

location of Sodium

A

Proximal and distal convoluted tubule

25
Q

The final concentration of the filtrate
through the reabsorption of water begins
in the late distal convoluted tubule and
continues in the collecting duct.

A

collecting duct concentration

26
Q

determined
by the state of body hydration.

A

vasopressin

26
Q

2 MAJOR FUNCTIONS OF TUBULAR SECRETION

A

-Elimination of waste products not filtered by the
glomerulus
-Regulation of acid- base balance

27
Q

ACTS AS BUFFER TO THE BLOOD
MAINTAINING NORMAL pH

A

Bicarbonate

28
Q

The standard tests used to measure the filtering capacity of the glomeruli

A

clearance test

29
Q

Not routinely done because of the necessity for continuous IV infusion

A

INULIN CLEARANCE TEST

30
Q

STANDARD METHOD for GFR

A

Urea clearance

31
Q

specific test example

A
  • fishberg test
  • mosenthal test
32
Q

Patients were deprived of fluids for 24 hours prior to measuring specific
gravity

A

fishberg test

33
Q

Compare the volume and specific gravity of urine of day and night urine
samples

A

mosenthal test

34
Q

PRINCIPLES OF FREEZING POINT OSMOMETERS

A

Measurement of freezing
point depression

35
Q

PRINCIPLES OF VAPOR PRESSURE OSMOMETERS

A

Measurement of dew point

36
Q

Tests to measure tubular secretion of nonfiltered substances and renal blood
flow

A

TUBULAR SECRETION & RENAL BLOOD
FLOW TEST

37
Q

This condition may result from impaired tubular secretion of hydrogen ions associated with the
proximal convoluted tubule

A

RENAL TUBULAR ACIDOSIS

38
Q

Process of renal blood flow

A

RENAL ARTERY > AFFERENT ARTERIOLE > GLOMERULUS > EFFERENT ARTERIOLE > PERITUBULAR CAPILLARIES > VASA RECTA > RENAL VEIN

39
Q

Factors influence the actual filtration process

A
  • cellular structutr of capillary walls
  • hydrostatic and oncotic pressure
  • feedback mechanisms of the reninangiotensin aldosterone system

AUBF LEC PRELIM (2 decks)

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