Urine Microscopic Evaluation Flashcards
What is the primary purpose of urine microscopic examination?
To identify and evaluate cellular and non-cellular elements in urine.
True or False: Urine microscopic examination can help diagnose urinary tract infections.
True
Which type of cells are commonly examined in urine microscopy?
Epithelial cells, red blood cells, white blood cells.
What is the normal range for red blood cells in urine?
0-3 red blood cells per high power field (HPF).
Fill in the blank: The presence of _______ in urine may indicate a kidney stone or injury.
crystals
What does the term ‘casts’ refer to in urine microscopic examination?
Cylindrical structures formed from protein that can indicate kidney disease.
Which type of cast is associated with acute tubular necrosis?
Granular casts.
True or False: The presence of bacteria in urine is always indicative of an infection.
False
What is the significance of finding hyaline casts in urine?
They may indicate dehydration or concentrated urine but are generally considered normal.
What is the recommended volume of urine for microscopic examination?
10-20 mL.
Which staining technique is often used to enhance the visibility of cellular elements in urine?
Papanicolaou stain.
What type of epithelial cells are typically found in normal urine?
Squamous epithelial cells.
True or False: Urinary crystal formation can be affected by urine pH.
True
What is the clinical significance of finding white blood cells in urine?
It may indicate inflammation or infection in the urinary tract.
Fill in the blank: The presence of _______ in urine is suggestive of glomerular damage.
protein
What are transitional epithelial cells indicative of in urine analysis?
They can indicate a urinary tract infection or a malignancy.
What is the maximum number of white blood cells considered normal in urine?
0-5 white blood cells per high power field (HPF).
True or False: Urine microscopic examination can provide information on systemic diseases.
True
What is the significance of finding bacteria in a urine sample?
It may indicate a urinary tract infection, but further tests are needed for confirmation.
Which type of crystals are commonly associated with gout?
Uric acid crystals.
What is the main role of urine microscopy in the context of kidney disease?
To assess the presence and type of casts and cells that indicate specific renal pathologies.
Fill in the blank: The presence of _______ in urine can be a sign of liver disease.
bilirubin
Which type of urine sample is preferred for microscopic examination?
Midstream clean-catch urine sample.
True or False: A high number of epithelial cells in urine can indicate contamination.
True
