Urinary test Flashcards
The kidneys are protected and held in place by what 2 things?
- Perirenal fat tissue
- Renal fascia (connective tissue)
What is the Renal Capsule?
-protective layer
-connective tissue
What is the Renal Cortex?
-beginning of collecting ducts
-outermost internal layer
What is inside the Renal Cortex?
Bowman’s Capsules
What are Renal Pyramids?
-Layer called renal medulla
-Urine formation happens here
How many Renal Pyramids are their?
8-18
What are the Minor Calyx?
-each pyramid passes urine to minor calyx
How many Minor Calyx’s are there?
7-12
What are the Major Calyx?
-Urine from multiple minor calyx’s coverage to create the renal pelvis
How many Major Calyx’s are there?
2-3
What is the Renal Pelvis?
-collection of all urine from all calyces to the ureter
What is the ureter?
-urine carrier outside of kidney
-carries urine to the bladder for storage
What is the bladder scientifically called?
urinary bladder
What is the Renal Hilum?
The concave space (lesser curvature) where blood vessels, nerves, etc. enter and exit the kidney.
What happens to the leftover blood after filtration?
Leaves the Bowman’s capsule through the efferent arteriole.
What is a Nephron?
the only functioning unit of the kidney
(the kidney is just the building the nephrons do their work in)
How many nephrons in each kidney?
about 1.3 million
What happens during tubular reabsorption?
about 80% of H2O, ions, and nutrients are reabsorbed
(active transport)
What happens during tubular secretion?
- Active removal of substances from the blood that are too large to filter (drugs, steroids, alcohol, etc.)
Where does tubular reabsorption happen?
proximal tubule
Where does tubular secretion happen?
Distal tubule
What are the 2 sphincters of the bladder?
Internal and external
What is typical urine composed off?
95% H2O
5% solutes
What is the normal pH of urine?
6 (4.5-8)
