Urinary test Flashcards
The kidneys are protected and held in place by what 2 things?
- Perirenal fat tissue
- Renal fascia (connective tissue)
What is the Renal Capsule?
-protective layer
-connective tissue
What is the Renal Cortex?
-beginning of collecting ducts
-outermost internal layer
What is inside the Renal Cortex?
Bowman’s Capsules
What are Renal Pyramids?
-Layer called renal medulla
-Urine formation happens here
How many Renal Pyramids are their?
8-18
What are the Minor Calyx?
-each pyramid passes urine to minor calyx
How many Minor Calyx’s are there?
7-12
What are the Major Calyx?
-Urine from multiple minor calyx’s coverage to create the renal pelvis
How many Major Calyx’s are there?
2-3
What is the Renal Pelvis?
-collection of all urine from all calyces to the ureter
What is the ureter?
-urine carrier outside of kidney
-carries urine to the bladder for storage
What is the bladder scientifically called?
urinary bladder
What is the Renal Hilum?
The concave space (lesser curvature) where blood vessels, nerves, etc. enter and exit the kidney.
What happens to the leftover blood after filtration?
Leaves the Bowman’s capsule through the efferent arteriole.
What is a Nephron?
the only functioning unit of the kidney
(the kidney is just the building the nephrons do their work in)
How many nephrons in each kidney?
about 1.3 million
What happens during tubular reabsorption?
about 80% of H2O, ions, and nutrients are reabsorbed
(active transport)
What happens during tubular secretion?
- Active removal of substances from the blood that are too large to filter (drugs, steroids, alcohol, etc.)
Where does tubular reabsorption happen?
proximal tubule
Where does tubular secretion happen?
Distal tubule
What are the 2 sphincters of the bladder?
Internal and external
What is typical urine composed off?
95% H2O
5% solutes
What is the normal pH of urine?
6 (4.5-8)
What is the scientific term for peeing
voiding
What is the fancy doc term for peeing
Micturtion
What are the 3 differences in the male urinary system
- Urethra is longer and has 2 jobs
- Prostate gland present
- Seminal vesicles present
Filters ____ to remove waste
blood
Produces _____ and eliminates it from the body
urine
Maintains _____ of body fluids
homeostasis
The 2 kidneys are located in the ____ cavity
abdominal
The kidneys are enclosed by a fibrous ______ _______
Renal capsule
The filtering units of the kidney are _____
nephrons
The ball of capillaries in the filtering unit is called _______
glomerulus
C-shaped capsule surrouding the ball of capillaries in the ______ capsule
Bowmans
List the 3 urine producing processes
1 glomuler filtration
2 reabsorption
3 secretion
list 3 ways water exits the body
urine
sweat
lungs and skin
This structure is located in teh medulla and has bundles of collecting ducts
renal pyramids
What is reabsorption
useful substances (water, glucose, ions) are transported back to the blood by diffusion (active transport)
What is secretion?
Active transport of unneeded substances from the blood
What type of transport is filtration
passive
non selevtive process
via blood pressure
Where is water absorbed into the blood and how does it get to the heart?
Absorbed by intestines filtered in the kidneys and returns to the heart.
