Urinary System Flashcards
Main functions of the kidney
Formation and secretion of urine
Regulates water, electrolyte and acid balance
Production and secretion of the hormone that stimulates formation of red blood cells
Excretion of waste products.
Components of the Urinary System
Aorta Inferior Vena Cava Kidneys Ureter Bladder Urethra
Capacity of the bladder
300-400 ml will be felt.
maximum of 600ml
Causes , Signs and Symptoms of Balantis
Balanitis means inflammation (redness, irritation and soreness) at the end of the penis.
Causes include poor hygiene (particularly in the uncircumcised), overzealous washing, STIs, using fragranced soaps, diabetes.
Signs and symptoms include: Itching/Soreness Erythema and irritation of the glans penis Discharge Sexual history
Causes, Signs and Symptoms of Chlamydia
Chlamydiais a bacterial infection. The bacteria areusually spread through unprotected sex or contact with infected genital fluids (semen or vaginal fluid).
Signs and symptoms include:
Painful during sexual intercourse
Vaginal discharge
Bleeding after sex
Lower abdominal pain.
Causes, Signs and Symptoms of Gonorrhoea
Gonorrhoea is a bacterial STI called Neisseria gonorrhoeae or gonococcus AKA “The Clap!”, found in discharge from the penis and in vaginal fluid.
Can be spread through unprotected vaginal, oral or anal sex,
sharing vibrators or other sextoys that have not been washed or covered with a new condom each time they’re used
Signs and symptoms include:
Thick green or yellow discharge
Pain when urinating
Bleeding between period (Females)
1 in 10 people have no symptoms
Causes, Signs and Symptoms of Genital Warts
e genital warts are an STI caused by a virus that can be passed on whether or not there are visible warts.
Many people with the virus don’t have symptoms but can still pass it on.
Signs and symptoms include: Itching Bleeding warts Lumps Some people have no symptoms at all
Causes, signs and symptoms of genital herpes
Genital herpes in an STI caused by a virus. It clears up on it’s own but can come back, like a cold sore. Spread through unprotected sex and contact with someone having an “outbreak” either with or without sores. If cold sores touch your genitals (oral sex)
Signs and symptoms include:
Small blisters that burst and leave red, open sores around your genitals, rectum, thighs and buttocks
vaginal discharge in women
pain when you pass urine
A general feeling of being unwell, with aches, pains and flu-like symptoms
Causes, Signs and Symptoms of Syphilis
You can get syphilis by direct contact with a syphilis sore during vaginal, anal, or oral sex.
Signs and Symptoms include:
Small painless sores or ulcers around penis, vagina or anus
Blotchy red rash on palms of hands or soles of feet
Small skin growths around vulva (females) or anus
White patches in mouth
Fever, tiredness, headaches, joint pain
Causes, Signs and Symptoms of Testicular pain
Testicle pain has a number of possible causes. The testicles are very sensitive, and even a minor injury can cause testicle pain or discomfort.
Testicular Cancer
Testicular Torsion
Urinary Tract Infection
Causes, Signs and Symptoms of Cystitis
Cystitis is inflammation of the bladder,
usually caused by a bladder infection.
Sigs and symptoms include: Pain, burning, stingingwhen you pee Needing to pee more often and urgently Dark, cloudy or strong-smelling pee Lower abdominal pain Feeling generally unwell, achy, sick and tired Blood in pee
