Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Module 2 > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Two parts of the nervous system

A

Central Nervous System CNS - Spine and brain

Peripheral nervous system - peripheral sensory nevrves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Functions of the CNS and PNS

A

Receives sensory information about the external environment

CNS integrates and processes this information

Sends nerve impulses to the intended organs, muscles and glands

PNS changes the internal environment to maintain homeostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

4 Lobes of the cerebrum

A

The Frontal Lobe –
Personality, thoughts, movement control

The Parietal Lobe –
information about temperature, taste, touch and movement

The Occipital Lobe –
Vision and interpretation

The Temporal Lobe –
processes memories, integrating them with sensations of taste, sound, sight and touch.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what does the cerebrum control

A 
Controls:
Most of our senses
Intelligence
Personality
Conscious thought
High level functions such as language and verbal memory
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does the cerebellum control

A

Not under voluntary control – but gathers sensory information from muscles, joints and 5 senses

Controls the maintenance of: 
Balance
Muscle co-ordination
Muscle tone
Learning and language.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

4 component parts of the brain

A

Cerebellum

Cerebrum

Diencephalon

Brain Stem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

3 Parts of the Diencephalon

A

Pineal body/gland
Thalamus
Hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Function of the Diencephalon

A 
Temperature control
Sensory functions of touch and pain
Hunger and thirst 
Emotion
Circadian cycles
Is the main hormone control centre for the nervous system.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

3 parts of the brain stem

A

Mid Brain

Pons

Medulla oblongata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Location / Purpose of the Mid Brain

A

Connects upper parts of brain and lower parts of brain and spinal cord

Contains important reflex centres affecting the eyes, head and neck.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Location and purpose of the Pons Varolii

A

Situated in front of the cerebellum, below mid brain

Joins cerebrum above to medulla and cerebellum below.

Mainly nerve fibres

Forms a bridge joining various parts of the brain to one another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Purpose of the medulla oblongata

A

Regulates vital actions, such as respiration and circulation

It is also the centre for reflex actions such as swallowing, vomiting, coughing and sneezing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Location and role of the cardiovascular centre

A

Located in the medulla

Controls the rate and force of cardiac contraction

Controls blood pressure

Diameter of blood vessels

The diameter is controlled through the vasomotor in the CVC which reacts to baroreceptors, chemoreceptors, body temperature, emotions, pain, etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Location and role of the respiratory centre

A

Located in the medulla and the pons.

This controls the rate and depth of respiration

Nerve impulses are passed which stimulate contraction of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles initiating inspiration.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Define Decussation

A

This means the left hemisphere of the brain controls the right half of the body and vice versa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Function of the meninges

A

Protect the brain and spinal cord

Maintains the brains position

Absorbs excess cerebrospinal fluid

17
Q

Three layers of the meninges

A

Dura Mater
Arachnoid Mater
Pia Mater.

18
Q

Features of the Dura Matter

A

tough fibrous membrane, that contains interstitial fluid. Lines the surface of the skull bones, and provides a loose sheath around the spinal cord

19
Q

Features of the arachnoid matter

A

delicate serous (permeable) membrane, with the sub-dural space above, and the sub-arachnoid space below. The sub-arachnoid space contains CSF.

20
Q

Features of the Pia matter

A

delicate inner membrane, richly supplied with blood vessels and is adherent to the surface of the brain.

21
Q

Location of the spinal cord

A

begins at the end of
the brain stem and continues down almost
to the bottom of the spine terminating at
L1-L2

22
Q

Functions of the spinal cord

A

The spinal cord communicates information.
A spinal cord injury can undermine even
the most basic functions.

23
Q

Functions of Cerebrospinal fluid

A

Lubricate the brain and spinal cord preventing friction during movement

Supports the brain

Nourish and cleanse by washing away waste and toxic substances

Act as a shock absorber.

24
Q

Cerebrospinal Fluid maintains homeostasis in 3 ways

A

Mechanical protection
Shock absorber
Floats the brain in the cranial cavity

Chemical protection
Providing an optimal chemical environment, including nutrients
Optimum chemical environment for neuronal singling

Circulation protection
CSF is a medium for the exchange of nutrients and waste products
This occurs between blood and nervous tissue.

25
Q

Define a reflex action

A

A reflex action is an involuntary and immediate motor response to a sensory stimulus

26
Q

Two types nerves in the peripheral nervous system

A

Sensory nerves (afferent nerves) – transmit impulses to the CNS

Motor nerves (efferent nerves) – transmit impulses from the CNS to the body

27
Q

Examples of sensory nerves

A

5 senses

Chemoreceptors

Baroreceptors

Osmoreceptors

28
Q

Types of motor nerves

A

Somatic - voluntary -

Automatic. - involuntary

29
Q

How many peripheral nerves are there?

A

The 31 peripheral nerves:

Cervical (8)
Thoracic (12)
Lumbar (5)
Sacrum (5)
Coccygeal (1)
30
Q

Number and function of cranial nerves

A

Twelve pairs

Relay sensory information to specialised areas of the brain

Relay information relating to touch temperature and pain from the head and neck

Control motor functions of muscles around head and neck

Autonomic control of many internal functions.

31
Q

Purpose of Autonomic nervous system

A

Supplies nerves to all the internal organs of the body and blood vessels

Controls involuntary movements of organ and glands and involuntary muscles

32
Q

Two nerves within the autonomic nervous system, and functions

A

Sympathetic nerves stimulate and quicken the heart, circulatory and respiratory systems but inhibit peristalsis (Fight or Flight)

Parasympathetic nerves stimulate the digestion and slow the heart, in turn reduces circulation and respiration. (Rest and Digest)

Module 2 (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions