Urinary System

Question 1

Functions of the kidneys

Answer 1

Removes waste of metabolism

Controls fluid balance

Regulates balance of electrolytes

Question 2

What are the kidneys surrounded by?

Answer 2

Fat! Lots of fat!

Perinephric fat

Gerota’s fascia

Paranephephic fat

Question 3

What is one of the most serious problems of Vesicoureteral reflux (backing up of urine into kidneys)

Answer 3

Kindey infection

Question 4

What is the most anterior visceral structure of the pelvis?

Answer 4

The bladder

Question 5

As the bladder fills, where does it scend into?

Answer 5

Abdomen

Question 6

What muscle group connect the bladder to the urethra?

Answer 6

The bladder neck

Question 7

***What is the draining site for the ejaculatory duct of the male reproductive systen?

Answer 7

Urethra

Question 8

Know this diagram of the blood supply to our kidneys

Answer 8

Question 9

Overall anatomy of the urinary system diagram

Answer 9

Question 10

What are ureters?

Answer 10

Ducts by which urine passes from kidney to bladder or cloaca

Question 11

Wil Admir go to prom with me?

[Yes]

[No]

[Possibly]

Answer 11

No :(

Question 12

What refers to an anaomy where the kidneys are fused and located on the same side of the midline?

Answer 12

Crossed fused renal ectopia

Question 13

Most common renal abnormality

Answer 13

Ureteral duplication

Question 14

Knock knock.

Who’s there?

Nobody.

Nobody who?

Question 15

What does the bladder do as it distends?

Answer 15

Occludes its opening, stopping reflux of urine

Question 16

What is a ureterocele?

Answer 16

Congenital abnormality found in the ureter

Question 17

What is the most common type of renal calculi?

Answer 17

Calcium-containing calculi

Question 18

Name for stones originated in the kidney but have passed into the ureter

Answer 18

Calculi

Question 19

Most common type of kidney stones. How might they be caused?

Answer 19

Calcium-Oxalate Kidney Stones

Can be caused by eating too much calcium, vitamin D, some medicines, genetics and other kidney problems

Question 20

What nerves and arteries innervate the kidneys and ureters?

Answer 20

Renal plexus which runs with the renal artery

Question 21

Why do kidney stones cause significant back pain?

Answer 21

Because primary sensation to the ureters is provided by nerves from T12-L2

Question 22

Here’s a quick summary of how bladder is innervated. Don’t worry about memorizing

Answer 22

Central control of bladder function begins in the locus coeruleus of the pons, which is responsible for a reflex pathway that synchronizes bladder contraction with internal urethral sphincter relaxation during voiding. With appropriate training, cortical signals can voluntarily suppress this reflex. Infants who have not yet acquired this control have an uninhibited pontine reflex. Thus, the detrusor muscle contracts and the internal sphincter relaxes when a critical urine capacity is reached.