Brain Anatomy Flashcards
What are the 5 components of the scalp. Hint: Think SCALP
Skin
Close connective tissue & cutaneous vessels+nerves
Aponeurosis
Loose connective tissue (scalping layer)
Pericranium (periosteum of skull bones)
Order the following from outer to inner
Pia mater, Skull, Dura, Brain Tissue, Arachnoid
Skull, Dura, Arachnoid, Pia Mater, Brain Tissue
Three main types of extra-axial hemorrhages
Epidural Hematoma (bleed between dura mater and skull)
Subdural hematoma (subdural space)
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (between arachnoid mater and pia mater)
What is a hemorrhage?
Escape of blood from a ruptured blood vessel
Know these general brain structures in a diagram
What are the two major components of the cerebral cortext? What are the differences between them?
Sulci - Grooves/fissures. They’re deep continuous
Gyri - Outpouchings
Know this diagram
What are some functions of the frontal lobe
Judgement, emotional traits, elaboration of thoughts, personality, inhibition, storage of motor patterns
What are the 4 subparts of the frontal lobe
Premotor Cortex
Prefrontal Area
Broca’s Area (language production)
Motor Cortex
What are some functions of the temporal lobe
Auditory reception area
Expressed behavior
Receptive speech
Memory/info retrieval
Wernicke’s Area (language comprehension)
Functions of the Cerebellum
Coordinations
Control of voluntary movement
Functions of the Occipital Lobe
Visual Reception
Visual Interpretation
Functions of the Brain Stem
Breathing
Digestion
Heart Control
Blood Vessel Control
Alertness
Functions of the parietal lobe
Processing sensory input
Body orientation
Primary somatic area
Secondary somatic area
What are some useful forms of Neuroimaging
Radiographs
CT
MRI
Angiograms
Four major components of the Brain
Gray Matter (cortex and deep gray nuclei)
CSF (ventricles and cisterns)
Calvaria (“skull cap”)
Cranial Nerves
Imaging technique in which an X-ray source rotates around the head and compartmentalizes the image
CAT Scan
Know these diagrams of the major arteries of the neck and circle of willis
Steps to a stroke
A thrombus in the carotid artery breaks off
It travels to the cerebral artery
The thrombus lodges in the artery
Know these images of the major veins of the next
Remember this diagram of the venous anatomy
ICA Dissection, What’s happening
Tear in carotid artery wall
Entry of blood into the intima-
Know this image of the major sulci and fissures
