Cranial Nerves Flashcards
How many cranial nerves are there in total?
12 Paired Nerves
Remember this diagram of the nerves
Which nerve enters through the Cribriform Plate?
Olfactory Nerve (CN1)
Which nerve enters through the optic canal?
Optic Nerve (CNIII)
Which nerves enter through the Superior Orbital Fissure
Oculomotor (CNIII)
Trochlear (CNIV)
Opthalmic (CNV)
Abducens (CNVI)
Which nerve enters through the foramen rotundum
Maxillary (CNV2)
Which nerves enter through the internal acoustic meatus
Facial (CNVII)
Vestibulocchlear (CNVIII)
Which nerves enter through the Jugular foramen
Glosopharyngeal (CNIX)
Vagus (CNX)
Accessory (CNXI)
Which nerve enters through the Hypoglossal Canal?
Hypoglossal (CNXII)
Major function of the olfactory nerves (CN1)
Sense of smell
Major function of the Optic Nerve
Sight
What are the three nerves that control extraocular muscles
CN IV Trochlear - Superior oblique muscle (rotates eye inward)
CN VI - Abducens - Lateral rectus muscle (abducts eye)
CN III Oculomotor - Contricts the pupil, contracts to cause lens to become more spherical for short range, keeps eyelids up
Muscles of the eye diagram
What is the major function of the Trigeminal nerve (CNV) (largest nerve)
Chewing muscles and most facial sensation.
What is the major function of the Facial Nerve (CNVII)
Motor control of facial nerves
Salivary glands
Taste
What is Bell’s Palsy, what causes it?
Muscles on one side of your face become weak and paralyzed.
Loss of sense in one of the facial Nerves
What are the major functions of the Vestibulocochlear Nerves (CN VIII)
Two Fibers: Vestibular and Cochlear
Sensory functions
- Vestibular: Equilibrium and Balance
- Cochlear: hearing
What are the major functions of the Glossopharyngeal Nerve (CN IX)
Salivation
Skin Sensation
Taste
Senses carotid blood pressure
Features of the Vagus Nerve (CN X)
Longest Nerve -> Terminates the abdomen
Vagary: “Wandering”
Major functions of the Vagus Nerve (CN X)
Senses aortic blood pressure
Slows heart rate
Stimulates digestive organs
Speech
Major functions of Spinal Accessory (CN XI)
Motor control of sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles
Swallowing
Major functions of the Hypoglossal Nerve (CN XII)
Motor control of tongue
Review this convenient table
What is the major function of the Oculomotor? (CN III)
Motor control of some eye muscles and eyelids
What is the major function of the Trochlear (CN IV)
Motor control of superior oblique eye muscle
What is the major function of the Abducens (CN VI)
Motor control of lateral rectus (eye muscle)
What are the branches of the Trigeminal nerve? What do they control?
V1 - Opthalmic (sensory of mucuous membrance, sinuses, upper face and scalp)
V2 - Maxillary (sensory fibers, eyelid, nose, uppler lip)
V3 - Mandibular (chewing. Sensory to jaw and mouth)
