Urinary System

Question 1

Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra

Answer 1

Urinary system organs

Question 2

Metabolically very active. At rest, they receive about 25 percent of the cardia output.
Perform excretory functions, produce urine, a fluid containing water, ions, and small soluble substances

Answer 2

Kidneys

Question 3

Receive the urine from the kidneys and conduct it to the urinary bladder. Urine movement involves a combination of gravity and peristaltic contractions of smooth muscle in the walls

Answer 3

Ureters

Question 4

Receives and stores urine prior to its elimination from the body. Urine elimination (urination) is driven by the contraction of smooth muscle layers in the walls of the urinary bladder

Answer 4

Urinary bladder

Question 5

Passageway that conducts urine from the urinary bladder to the exterior

Answer 5

Urethra

Question 6

Adjust blood volume and blood pressure
Regulating blood plasma concentrations of sodium, potassium, chloride, and other ions
Stabilizing blood pH
Conserving valuable nutrients by preventing their loss in urine
Removing drugs and toxins from the bloodstream

Answer 6

Functions of the urinary system

Question 7

Lie behind the parietal peritoneum that lines the abdominal cavity; they are considered to be in a retroperitoneal position

Answer 7

Kidneys

Question 8

Covers the outer surface of the kidney and also lines the renal sinus, an internal cavity within the kidney

Answer 8

Fibrous capsule

Question 9

The superficial portion of the kidney in contact with the fibrous capsule. Reddish brown and granular

Answer 9

Renal cortex

Question 10

Extends from the renal cortex to the renal sinus

Answer 10

Renal medulla

Question 11

Conical structure extending from the cortex to the tip called the renal papilla

Answer 11

Renal pyramid

Question 12

A band of granular tissue that separates adjacent pyramids

Answer 12

Renal column

Question 13

Consists of a renal pyramid, the overlying area of renal cortex, and adjacent tissues of the renal columns. Each kidney contains 6-18 and urine production occurs here

Answer 13

Kidney lobe

Question 14

The functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtration of blood and carrying the filtrate through its tubular structure and the collecting system of the kidney to ultimately lead the kidney as urine

Answer 14

Nephron

Question 15

Initial segment of the renal tubule responsible fro the major reabsorption of water, glucose, amino acids, vitamins, and ions from the filtrate

Answer 15

Proximal tubule (1)

Question 16

Middle segment of the renal tubule responsible for reabsorption of water and ions

Answer 16

Loop of Henle with capillary network (2)

Question 17

Cup-shaped chamber into which filtrate flows

Answer 17

Renal corpuscle

Question 18

Capillary network through which filtration occurs

Answer 18

Glomerulus

Question 19

Last segment of the renal tubule responsible for a small amount of reabsorption of water and ions

Answer 19

Distal tubule

Question 20

Receives the urine from the individual nephrons and performs final adjustments in urine volume and composition before delivering it into a minor calyx

Answer 20

Collecting duct