Urinary System Flashcards
Kidney
Reddish brown
Bean shaped
Smooth surface
Location of kidney
Either side of vertebral column
Inside a depression high on posterior wall of abdominal cavity
Twelfth thoracic and third lumbar vertebrae
Retro peritoneal- behind parietal peritoneum
Surrounded by connective tissue and adipose tissue hold them in place
Kidney structure
Lateral side=convex
Medial side=concave
Hollow chamber called sinus
Entrance of sinus is called
Hilum
Through it pass blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic vessels and ureter
Superior end of ureter expands into
Renal pelvis
Pelvis subdivides into …
Major calyces and minor calyces
Each kidney divided into a….
Renal medulla
Renal cortex
What are some functions of the kidney
Remove metabolic wastes from blood and excrete them
Help Regulate blood cell production, blood pressure, volume, composition, and oh of body fluids
What’s the order of renal blood vessels
Arterial blood flows through renal artery
Interlobar arteries
Arcuate arteries
Interlobular arteries
Afferent arterioles
Glomerular capillaries
Efferent arterioles
Peri tubular capillaries
What is the functional unit of the kidney?
Nephron
Nephron consists of…
Renal corpuscle
Renal tubule
Corpuscle consists of…
Glomerulus
Glomerular capsule
Portions of the renal tubule are…
Proximal convoluted tubule
Nephron loop(descending and ascending)
Distal convoluted tubule
Collecting duct
Nephron blood supply
Glomerular capillary receives blood from afferent arteriole and passes it to the efferent arteriole.
Efferent passes it off to the peri tubular capillaries
Where is the juxtaglomeric apparatus
At point of contact between distal conv. Tubule and efferent afferent arterioles
What do the macula dense and juxtaglomerular cells make up?
The juxtaglomerular apparatus
Urinary system consists of ….
Kidneys
Ureters
Urinary bladder
Urethra
Ureter wall layers
Mucous coat-inner layer
Muscular coat-middle layer smooth muscle, contracts, push urine towards bladder
Fibrous coat- outer layer connective tissue
Ureter contains a flaplike valve that…
Prevents backflow of urine from bladder to ureter
Urinary bladder
Muscular
Made up of transitional epithelium
Connective tissue and elastic fibers
Smooth muscle, Detrusor muscle
Forms Internal urethral sphincter
Smooth muscle of Detrusor
Urethra
Tube carries urine to outside of body
Lined with mucous membrane and smoo
Urethral glands secrete mucus
