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Anatomy And Physiology > Final Exam Review > Flashcards

Final Exam Review Flashcards

1
Q

Which tissue is the most energy dense tissue?

A

Fat (adipose) tissue

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2
Q

Which glands secrete substances through a duct into a body cavity or surface

A

Exocrine glands

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3
Q

What process can estimate body fat percentage

A

Measuring thickness of pinched tissue

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4
Q

Where is cartilage found ?

A

At the end of long bones and between vertebrae

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5
Q

What hormone stimulates red blood cell production?

A

Erythropoietin

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6
Q

What does leptin do?

A

Leptin helps body monitor how much fat it contains

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7
Q

Where do macrophages breakdown old red blood cells?

A

Liver and spleen

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8
Q

Systolic pressure

A

Pressure when ventricles contract

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9
Q

Diastolic pressure

A

Pressure when ventricles relax

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10
Q

Hypertension

A

Clinical term for high blood pressure

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11
Q

What cells of the heart would regulate a heart rate of 100 BPM if not influenced by other factors?

A

Pacemaker cells

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12
Q

Components of blood that aide in clotting

A

Platelets

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13
Q

What are blood cells suspended in?

A

Plasma

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14
Q

What inhibits the enzymes that produce prostaglandins?

A

Aspirin

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15
Q

What is the good cholesterol and what is the bad cholesterol?

A

HDL is the good cholesterol and LDL is the bad cholesterol.

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16
Q

Which receptors detect airborne chemicals

A

Olfactory receptors

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17
Q

What is fluid that fills the eye called?

A

Vitreous humor

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18
Q

Where is the human blind spot located?

A

Where the optic nerve exits the retina

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19
Q

What is the name of the small bone located in inner ear?

A

Malleus

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20
Q

_______ are more sensitive to light.

_________ are more sensitive to color.

A

Rods.

Cones.

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21
Q

What activates pain receptors that allow us to taste hot and spicy flavors?

A

Capsaicin

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22
Q

Which vitamin is essential for the light capturing molecules in the retina?

A

Vitamin A

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23
Q

What type of communication takes place between neurons?

A

Synaptic transmission

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24
Q

Limbic system

A

Specific set of structures in brain in control of emotions and emotional behaviors

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25
Q

Which part of the brain is responsible for helping coordinate body movements?

A

Cerebellum

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26
Q

Right-handed people are more likely to be better in what aspects?

A

Math, language, and logical problem-solving

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27
Q

Autonomic nervous system controls which movement?

A

Involuntary movement

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28
Q

Which portion of the brain is associated with long-term memory?

A

Hippocampus

29
Q

Which portion of the brain is associated with visualizing words?

A

Posterior portion of the cerebrum

30
Q

What two things interact with one another to contract a muscle fiber?

A

Actin and myosin

31
Q

Sarcomere

A

Repeating units in myofibrils and are separated by Z Lines

32
Q

What connects muscle to bone?

A

Tendons

33
Q

In order for contraction to occur what must pull what off of Actin binding sites for contraction to occur?

A

Calcium ions and troponin pull tropomyosin off of Actin binding sites for contraction to occur.

34
Q

Urea

A

Waste product of protein digestion eliminated in urine

35
Q

What starts in the renal cortex and dips down into the renal medulla?

A

Loop of Henle

36
Q

The filtrate in collecting duct can be how many times as concentrated as in the blood?

A

4X

37
Q

Aquaporins

A

Channels that water is reabsorbed through in the nephron

38
Q

Which hormone causes more water to be reabsorbed in the nephron?

A

Antidiuretic hormone

39
Q

Filtrate

A

Fluid leaving the glomerulus

40
Q

Which sphincter is under voluntary control?

A

External urinary sphincter

41
Q

STDs

A

Sexually transmitted diseases

42
Q

Which type of reproduction creates identical offspring?

A

Asexual reproduction

43
Q

Tubal ligation

A

Type of permanent contraceptive in which fallopian tube’s are cut

44
Q

To fertilize an egg sperm must pass which layers?

A

Corona radiata and Zona Pellucida

45
Q

What does sperm contain that allows it to enter egg?

A

Acrosome

46
Q

Chorionic gonadotropin

A

Hormone present in urine that can confirm pregnancy

47
Q

Why is vaginal lining acidic?

A

To help prevent infections

48
Q

Why is semen alkaline?

A

To protect sperm from acidity of urine, and vaginal secretions.

49
Q

Ovulation

A

The release of a mature egg sal from the ovary in a female.

50
Q

Parthenogenesis

A

Egg cells developing into viable offspring without being fertilized.

51
Q

What hormone in birth control pills prevents FSH release so follicles do not develop?

A

Estrogen

52
Q

What is the ideal temperature for sperm development?

A

92.6–97 .6°F

53
Q

Most common bacterial STD in US

A

Chlamydia

54
Q

Which form of birth control is the least effective?

A

Withdrawal

55
Q

Corona radiata

A

Outer shell of egg

56
Q

What functions for several months after egg is fertilized?

A

Corpus luteum

57
Q

How long does an average menstrual cycle last?

A

28 days

58
Q

What moves ovulated eggs into and through fallopian tubes?

A

Cilia

59
Q

At the onset of puberty, how many primary oocytes do the ovaries contain?

A

400,000 primary oocytes

60
Q

Which hormone begins hormone cascade during puberty?

A

Gonadotropin

61
Q

Which glands are the last glands that secrete substances into semen?

A

Bulbourethral glands

62
Q

Spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and spermatids are found in which cells?

A

Sertoli cells

63
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Control secretions of hormones from the pituitary gland

64
Q

Glucagon

A

Raises blood glucose levels

65
Q

Insulin

A

Lowers blood glucose levels

66
Q

Respiratory centers located in which portion of the brain

A

Medulla of the brain

67
Q

Movement of food back and forth in the digestive system

A

Peristalsis

68
Q

Helicobacter pylori bacteria

A

Common cause of ulcers in the digestive system

Anatomy And Physiology (21 decks)

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