urinary system 4 Flashcards
how is dilute urine defined?
it has fewer solutes than plasma
how to low levels of ADH (antidiuretic hormone) make urine more dilute?
Low levels of ADH make the distal tubule and collective duct impermeable to water.
what is osmolarity?
the total solute concentration within a specific volume of a solvent
how is concentrated urine defined?
it has more solutes than plasma (and high levels of ADH)
how is urea used?
It is used by the kidneys to increase osmotic force in the interstitial fluid of the medulla
how does ADH affect urea?
ADH increases the insertion of urea transporter to allow movement of urea into interstitial fluid.
what are the 2 mechanisms of countercurrent flow?
countercurrent multiplication
countercurrent exchange
what is micturition?
the discharge of urine from bladder (peeing)
