Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Embryology > Urinary System > Flashcards

Urinary System Flashcards

1
Q

Both the urinary and genital system develop from a common mesodermal ridge know as ______ ______?

A

intermediate mesoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

During lateral folding, the intermediate mesoderm moves to a ______ position.

A

retroperitoneal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The three kidney systems develop in a ____ to _____ sequence.

A

cranial; caudal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the three kidney systems?

A

pronephros, mesoneephros, and metanephros

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

T/F. The pronephros is rudimentary and nonfunctional.

A

True. It degenerates by day 24

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What day does the pronephros appear?

A

day 21 (week 4)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where is the pronephros found?

A

in segmented intermediate mesoderm in the cervical region.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

T/F. The pronephros is found in the thoracic region.

A

False. It is found in the cervical region (C5 - C7)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The pronephros degenerates by day ___.

A

24

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The pronephric ducts run _____ and open into the _____.

A

caudally; cloaca

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When does the mesonephros appear?

A

early week 4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What segments of the intermediate mesoderm comprise the mesonephros?

A

thoracic and lumbar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

T/F. The mesonephroi are functional and produce urine.

A

True.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Urine is produced by the mesonephros and drains along the ________ or _______ duct to the cloaca/bladder.

A

mesonephric or Wolffian

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

at what week does the thoracic segment of the mesonephros regress?

A

week 5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How long (weeks) does the mesonephros function?

A

until week 10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The mesonephric _____ open into bilateraly mesonephric ducts.

A

tubules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

the mesonephric vesicles develop _________.

A

crainocaudally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the two mesonephric vesicles?

A

tubules (~40 total) and primordial nephron

20
Q

The mesonephric ducts extend into the lower _____ and fuse with the ______ to contribute to the _____ bladder.

A

lumbar; cloaca; posterior

21
Q

what are the two components of the metanephros?

A
  1. collecting portion (ureteric bud)

2. excretory portion (metanephric blastema)

22
Q

The collecting portion is known as the _____ bud.

A

ureteric

23
Q

The excretory portion is called the metanephric _____.

A

blastema

24
Q

What day does the ureteric bud appear?

A

day 28

25
Q

The metanephros begins when the metanephric ______ (ureteric buds) sprout from the _____ end of the mesonephric _____ at about ____ weeks.

A

diverticulum; distal; ducts; 5

26
Q

what induces the intermediate mesoderm to form a metanephric blastema?

A

ureteric buds

27
Q

what region does the metanephric blastema form?

A

sacral region

28
Q

What structures does the metanephric blastema form?

A

glomeruli and tubules of the nephrons

29
Q

What is the process called where close proximity to the ureteric bud is needed to induce nephron differentiation?

A

reciprocal induction

30
Q

T/F. If the ureteric bud is missing or abnormal, the kidney does not develop.

A

True.

31
Q

what three structures does the collecting portion include?

A

ureter, renal pelvis, and major & minor calyces

32
Q

What structures are included in the excretory portion?

A

Bowman’s capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of henle, and distal convoluted tubule.

33
Q

What weeks does the ascent of the kidneys take place?

A

weeks 6 - 9

34
Q

the ascent of the kidneys initially form near the ____ end of the embryo

A

caudal

35
Q

Vascular buds grow toward the _____ _____ artery

A

common iliac

36
Q

T/F. The kidneys drag their blood supply with them as they ascend

A

False. They send out new and slightly more cranial branches causing the regression of more caudal branches.

37
Q

what are three clinical conditions related to the ascent of the kidney?

A
  1. Pelvic kidney
  2. Horseshoe kidney
  3. Supernumerary arteries
38
Q

The cloaca in the hindgut is divided by what structure?

A

urorectal septum

39
Q

The urorectal septum creates a ventral _____ _____ and a dorsal _____ _____.

A

urogenital sinus; anorectal canal

40
Q

The allantois, which connects the bladder to the umbilicus, leaves a remnant called the _____.

A

urachus

41
Q

The distal portions of the _______ ducts and ureteric ducts become incorporated into the posterior aspect of the _____, creating the trigone.

A

mesonephric; bladder

42
Q

what structures arise from the pelvic part of the urogenital sinus in females?

A

entire urethra and part of the vagina

43
Q

what structures arise from the pelvic part of the urogenital sinus in males?

A

prostatic and membranous urethras

44
Q

what structures arise from the phallic part of the urogenital sinus in males?

A

the spongy urethra

45
Q

what three conditions are associated with a persistent intraembryonic allantois?

A

urachal cyst, urachal sinus (superior portion has opening at umbilicus), and urachal fistula (entire duct is opening into the umbilicus)

46
Q

A male newborn presents with exposure and protrusion of the mucosal surface of the posterior wall of the bladder. What condition is this?

A

exstrophy of the bladder.

Embryology (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions