Urinary system Flashcards by Melanie B

what 4 urinary system procedures are done

intravenous urography
retrograde urography
cystography
voiding cystograms

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is IVU/IVP antegrade or retrograde

antegrade

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how are antegrade procedures filled

IV injection

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how are retrograde procedures filled

urinary catheterization

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what is the purpose (2) of an IVU

visualize anatomy of the collection portion
assess functional anatomy of kidneys

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what values must be included with pt prep for an IVU

lab values of GFR and creatinine

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what are the alternative modalities for IVU/IVP

ultrasound and CT abdomen/pelvis

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what type (preferably) of x-ray table is used for IVU

tilting, with tiomographic capabiliities

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what is uteric compression

a method to enhance filling of the pelvicalyceal system

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at what level is uteric compression placed

at level of ASIS

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what is the scout radiograph for an IVU

KUB

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what are nephrograms or nephrotomgrams

radiographs taken early in the study to dem the renal parenchyma, or functional portion of kidney

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what is the “blush outline” in an IVU

inner medulla filled with contrast

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what is a nephrogram

single image, at 1 min

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what is a nephrotomogram

series of tomograms, starting at 1 min

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what is the oblique for UP junction

30 deg

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what is the oblique for UV junction

what is the posterior oblique IVU CP (2 options)

iliac crest for full length
between xiph and iliac crest, for kidneys only

what needs to be included on a post void AP/PA erect IVU

symphysis pubis

what is a prolapsed bladder

when your bladder sags into the vagina

what pts experience the greatest nephrptosis

asthenic

what is the average respiratory excursion of the kidneys

1 inch

where is CP for bladder

2” above upper border of symph

what is done for a bladder shot if there is obstruction by the symph

CR of 10-15 CAUDAD

what are the benefits of CTU (4)

1. minimal prep (water only for one hour) 2. non contrast images 3. option for contrast and fn study 4. 3D reconstruction

what are the benefits of ultrasound for IVU

no harmful radiation

who performs a retrograde urogram?

a urologist (with help ofc)

is a retrograde urogram functional or not?

non functional !!

what position is used for retrograde urogram

lithotomy

how much contrast is used for a retrograde urogram

3-5ml ish

how much contrast is delivered in a retrograde cystography procedure

150-500cc

retrograde cystographies are done with what type of xray

fluoro

what are the cystogram positions

AP bladder, AP trendelenburg, AP obliques

what is the CR for an AP bladder

10-15 caudad

what is the CP for an AP bladder

2" below ASIS

what is the AP urinary trendelenburg for?

distal ureters!! and prostate

where is AP oblique CP for urinary

2" sup to symph and 2" inferior to ASIS

what is a voiding custogram used for

to show uteric reflux, and opacify urethra

how are female and male voiding cystograms done | (in what position)

female -AP male - RPO 30 deg

what instrument is used for retrograde eurethrography on males

brodney penile clamp, with anaesthetic jelly, or balloon catheter

male retrograde urethrographies are done in what position

RPO or LPO 30