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Ba swallow and upper GI Flashcards

1
Q

what concentration and method of administration is used for esophagus

A

30-50
oral

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2
Q

what concentration and method of administration is used for upper GI series

A

30-50
oral

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3
Q

what concentration and method of administration is used for small bowel series

A

40-60
oral or naso-duodenal

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4
Q

what concentration and method of administration is used for Ba enema

A

12-25
rectal

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5
Q

what concentration and method of administration is used for GI CT

A

12-25
oral

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6
Q

what is the patient prep for esophagus

A

none

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7
Q

what is the patient prep for upper GI series

A

NPO after midnight before exam

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8
Q

what is the patient prep for small bowel series

A

low residue diet for 2 days prior

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9
Q

what is the patient prep for Ba enema

A

lots of fluids day before
NPO after midnight
cleansing enema prior

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10
Q

what is the patient prep for GI CT

A

NPO after midnight

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11
Q

what does NPO mean

A

nil per os
nothing by mouth

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12
Q

what is the chemical formula for barium sulfate

A

BaSO4

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13
Q

what are the indications for water-soluble iodinated contrast media

A

perforated viscus
presurgical procedure

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14
Q

what is the contraindication for water-soluble iodinated contrast media

A

hypersensitivity to iodine

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15
Q

what exam is this

A

single contrast UGI

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16
Q

what exam is this

A

double-contrast UGI

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17
Q

what is used in a double contrast UGI

A

BaSO4 (pos)
CO2 or room air (neg)

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18
Q

how long is the esophagus

A

25 cm long

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19
Q

is the trachea anterior or posterior to the esophagus

A

anterior

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20
Q

the esophagus runs through which vertebral levels

A

C5/C6 to T11

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21
Q

what happens to the esophagus at T10

A

dilation of the esophagus

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22
Q

what are visualized in these images

A

the luminal indentations of the esophagus

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23
Q

what is esophageal varices

A

extremely dilated submucosal veins in the lower third
usually a consequence of portal hypertension

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24
Q

what are the 7 technologist responsibilities for a UGI

A
  1. prepare fluoro room
  2. ensure aprons available
  3. obtain clinical hx
  4. explain procedure
  5. observe and support pt
  6. introduce and assist fluoroscopist
  7. assist pt
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25
deglutition
the act of swallowing
26
peristalsis
greatest motility in stomach and proximal portion of small intestine
27
(upright/recumbent) (hypermotile/regular) pts need shorter exposures
upright and hypermotile
28
(upright/recumbent) (hypermotile/regular) pts need longer exposures
recumbent and normal
29
what phase of respiration is used to image UGI
expiration!!
30
what pt prep is used for esophageal studies
jewelry and clothing from the waist up
31
what are the contraindications for an esophagus study (4)
allergy to contrast perforation high aspiration risk uncooperative pt
32
when would a Trendelenburg position be used for UGI
hiatus hernia, reflux
33
what is phonation
imaging while talking or making noise
34
what do recumbent esophagus studies dem
esophageal varices
35
what does coughing dem in esophageal studies
reflux through cardiac sphincter
36
where is the esophagus CP
T5-T6
37
what oblique is used for UGI
RAO or LAO 30-45
38
what is the lateral CP for the respiratory tract
C4-C5
39
what is the lateral CP for the UGI digestive portion
T5-T6
40
where is the CP for the esophagus study oblique
T5 to T6 1 inch inferior to sternal angle
41
why is an RAO better than an LAO for an esophagram
largest area between heart and spine
42
what are the 4 options for diagnostics tests for esophageal reflux
1. valsalva maneuver 2. the water test 3. compression paddle technique 4. the toe-touch test
43
what is the valsalva maneuver
deep breath hold while bearing down
44
why is the valsalva maneuver used in esphagrams
increases venous pressure, can dem esophageal varices
45
what is commonly mistaken for a valsalva maneuver
a muller maneuver
46
what is a muller maneuver
exhale then attempt to inhale against a closed glottis
47
how is a water test done
in an LPO, swallow water through a straw if Ba regurgitates, then pos
48
how is a compression paddle study done
with pt in prone, paddle inflated under stomach pressure creates reflux
49
what two things can a toe touch maneuver demonstrate
reflux and hiatal hernia
50
when are modified barium swallows done
dysphagia, or stroke rehabbing pts
51
how is a modified Ba swallow performed
drinks/etc a solid/liquid gradient of substances, with lat and AP fluoro
52
what is the Ba emptying time of the sotmach
2-3 hours
53
what is the water soluble contrast emptying time of the sotmach
1-2 hours
54
the duodenum is retroperitoneal (T/F)
true
55
what is the shortest and widest part of the duodenum
the C loop
56
what are the four parts of the duodenum
first - superior second - descending third - horizontal fourth - ascending
57
what anatomy connects before the duodenal bulb
pylorus of stomach
58
what anatomy comes after the fourth portion of the duodenum
the jejenum
59
what portion of the duodenum recieves common bile and pancreatic ducts
second (descending) portion
60
what is the most posterior part of the sotmach
the fundus
61
the body is ___ and ___ to the fundus
anterior and inferior
62
the pylorus is ___ and ___ to the body
posterior and distal
63
where is the duodenal bulb on a hypersthenic pt
T11-T12
64
where is the duodenal bulb on a sthenic pt
L1-L2
65
where is the duodenal bulb on an asthenic/hyposthenic pt
L3-L4
66
what is a biphasic method for UGI
a combination of single and double contrast methods
67
what are contraindications for a UGI study (4)
complete large bowel onstruction perforations pt aspirating contrast contrast allergy
68
how many hours NPO is required for UGI studies
8-9 hours
69
what accommodations are made for geriatric UGIs
dehydration is a concern booed early in the day
70
what accommodations are made for pediatric UGi studies
parents don lead to help w positioning usually recumbent may use bottle for barium
71
what smooth muscle relaxants may be used in UGI studies
hyiscine buscopan, glucagon
72
when are trandelenburg positions done for UGI
hiatal hernia or reflux
73
what is the advantage of double contrast UGI
small lesions less obscured mucosal lining well visualized
74
low/high density Ba are used for single/double contrast studies
low for single high for double
75
from left to right, what is the pt position
supine prone erect
76
what UGI is filled when PA recumbent
body, pylorus, and duodenal bulb
77
what UGI is filled when AP recumbent
fundus
78
what UGI is filled when RAO 45
duodenal C-loop, pyloric canal, duodenal bulb
79
what UGI is filled when LPO 45
fundus
80
what might a right lateral UGI of a hypersthenic pt show
images of the pyloric canal and duodenal bulb
81
for a UGI oblique, do hypersthenic pts require more or less rotation
more!
82
what is the post care necessary for UGI
inform of white coloured bowel movements planty of fluid to avoid impaction
83
what does the PA oblique (LAO) and the AP oblique (RPO) best demonstrate
splenic flexure, descending colon, and cecum
84
where is the CP for a right lateral decubitus
2" above iliac crests
85
right lateral decub best dems what
lateral wall of descending colon, medial wall of ascending colon
86
L1
left colic flexure
87
L2
sigmoid
87
L3
transverse colon
88
L4
right colic flexure
89
where is the CP for the Left lateral decubitus UGI
iliac crest
90
the left lateral decub best Dems what
lateral wall of ascending colon medial wall of descending colon
91
what is the "butterfly" for the small bowel
AP or PA axial
92
what is the angle and CP for AP axial small bowel
30-40 cephalad 2" below ASIS
93
what is the angle and CP for PA axial small bowel
30-40 caudad CP PSIS
94
what does the AP/PA axial of the small bowel demonstrate
the recto-sigmoid area
95
what postevacuation views are done for the small bowel
PA or PA (sup/erect)
96
what should the pt drink after the exam
lots of liquids!! hot tea or coffee -stim evac
97
what is different about imaging colostomy/iliostomy pts
never! use the prone position
98
what equipment is different for an ostomy pt
stomal discs LAIRD irrigation tips Foley catheter
99
what is the ostomy pt prep for small bowel
irrigation of sotmach night prior, and in am NPO after 10pm

rad pro 2 (16 decks)

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