Urinary System

Question 1

Works as your body’s filtration system

Answer 1

Urinary system

Question 2

When your urinary system
removes toxins and wastes from your body, it
comes out as?

Answer 2

Pee (Urine)

Question 3

Main organs of the Urinary system

Answer 3

kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder and urethra

Question 4

have an excretory system that removes waste and excess water from their bodies

Answer 4

Flatworms

Question 5

A network of ____ runs the length of the
flatworm’s body on each side

Answer 5

Tubules

Question 6

Tiny cells connected to the tubules
that contain cilia that beat to move waste and
water into the tubules

Answer 6

Flame Cells

Question 7

In the Flatworms, the ____ create a current
that moves the waste toward the excretory pores

Answer 7

cilia

Question 8

Small pores in the posterior region
of the body where the waste is released

Answer 8

Excretory pores

Question 9

has almost the same set of urinary system

Answer 9

Frog

Question 10

chamber that
collects waste from the digestive, urinary, and
reproductive systems (Frog)

Answer 10

Cloaca

Question 11

Paired organs filtering waste

Answer 11

Kidneys

Question 12

Tubes connecting kidneys to bladder

Answer 12

Ureters

Question 13

Stores urine

Answer 13

Urinary bladder

Question 14

Tube for urine expulsion

Answer 14

Urethra

Question 15

Are about the size of a fist

Answer 15

Kidney

Question 16

10 to 12 ounces (280g to 340g)

Answer 16

Kidney

Question 17

All ____ have Urinary System

Answer 17

Vertebrate animals

Question 18

The ____ part of the kidney is slightly placed ____

Answer 18

right; lower

Question 19

responsible for maintaining homeostasis,
or a stable internal environment, for the
body’s cells and tissues

Answer 19

Kidney

Question 20

filter blood, remove excess fluids and acids,
and balance water, salt, and minerals.

Answer 20

Kidney

Question 21

produce a hormone that helps control
blood pressure

Answer 21

Kidney

Question 22

Kidney layers?

Answer 22

Renal Fascia, Perirenal Fat Capsule, Fibrous Capsule

Question 23

The outermost kidney layer, and is made
up of fibrous connective tissues that secure the
kidneys in place. A dense, elastic connective tissue
envelope enclosing the kidney and adrenal gland
together.

Answer 23

Renal Fascia

Question 24

This layer serves as the
cushion of the kidney. Made up of adipose tissue,
or fat, that surrounds the kidneys and the
suprarenal glands

Answer 24

Perirenal Fat Capsule

Question 25

The innermost layer of the kidney to prevent infection from spreading. The capsule is composed of tough fibers, chiefly collagen and elastin (fibrous proteins), that help to support the kidney mass and protect the vital tissue from injury.

Answer 25

Fibrous Capsule

Question 26

Kidney regions?

Answer 26

Renal Cortex, Renal Medulla, Renal Pelvis

Question 27

located at the outer region of the kidney. It appears granular due to the presence of glomeruli

Answer 27

Renal Cortex

Question 28

located in the deeper region of the kidney and it contains the renal pyramids.

Answer 28

Renal Medulla

Question 29

cone-shaped structures responsible for concentrating urine

Answer 29

Renal Pyramids

Question 30

located in the hilum of the kidney. It is a flat-funnel-shaped tube that collects the urine from the calyx and channels it into the ureter.

Answer 30

Renal Pelvis

Question 31

cup-shaped cavity in the kidney that collects urine before it passes into the bladder

Answer 31

Calyx

Question 32

small funnel-shaped chamber that surround the renal pyramids. Urine from the renal papilla drains into the ____

Answer 32

Minor Calyces

Question 33

formed when four or five minor calyces converge.

Answer 33

Major Calyces

Question 34

fundamental and functional unit of the kidney. Each kidney contains approximately one million of this. It is responsible for filtering blood and producing urine.

Answer 34

Nephron

Question 34

initial filtering unit of the nephron.

Answer 34

Renal Corpuscle

Question 35

a network of capillaries where blood is filtered. It is the main filtering unit of the kidney

Answer 35

Glomerulus

Question 36

cup-shaped structure that surrounds the glomerulus and collects the filtered urine

Answer 36

Bowman's Capsule

Question 37

extends from the Bowman’s Capsule and ends when it empties into the collecting duct.

Answer 37

Renal Tubule

Question 38

Subdivisions of the Renal Tubule

Answer 38

Proximal Convoluted Tubule, Nephron Loop, and Distal Convoluted Tubule

Question 39

a large duct that collects urine from the multiple nephrons

Answer 39

Collecting Duct

Question 40

it is about 25 com long muscular tubes that transport urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder. They are lined with smooth muscle that contracts rhythmically, so that the urine can run along their length. They carry the urine from the kidney to the bladder, where it will be temporarily stored.

Answer 40

Ureter

Question 41

- hollow muscular organ that stores urine until it is excreted. It is located in the pelvis cavity and has a capacity of about 500 ml of urine in women and 700 ml in men

Answer 41

Bladder

Question 42

Bladder is lined with a special type of epithelium called ____. It allows the bladder to stretch and expand as it fills with urine

Answer 42

Transitional Epithelium

Question 43

A tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. It is shorter in females about 4 cm long and males have about 20 cm in length as it transports both urine and semen during sexual activity

Answer 43

Urethra

Question 44

Blood flows through the kidneys through the

Answer 44

right and left renal arteries

Question 45

originate from the abdominal aorta and enter the renal hila to supply the kidneys

Answer 45

renal arteries

Question 46

Blood coming into the kidney is rich in ____ and ____ and ____

Answer 46

oxygen; nutrients; waste materials

Question 47

Renal capillaries are located?

Answer 47

in and around the nephrons

Question 48

Brings blood to the kidneys; Blood is rich in oxygen, nutrients and metabolic wastes

Answer 48

Renal Artery

Question 49

Blood vessels that drain the kidney. Connect the kidney to the inferior vena cava; Blood has less oxygen, nutrients, and metabolic wastes

Answer 49

Renal Vein

Question 50

_____ take a simple filtrate of the blood and modify it into ____

Answer 50

Nephrons; urine

Question 51

The principle task of the ____ is to balance the plasma to homeostatic set points and excrete potential toxins in the urine

Answer 51

Nephron population

Question 52

Three principle functions

Answer 52

filtration, reabsorption, and secretion

Question 53

waste byproduct formed from excess water and metabolic waste molecules during the process of renal system filtration

Answer 53

Urine

Question 54

Primary function of the renal system is?

Answer 54

to regulate blood volume and plasma osmolarity

Question 55

blood enters the afferent arteriole and flows into the glomerulus

Answer 55

Glomerular Filtration

Question 56

filterable components accumulate in the glomerulus to form the

Answer 56

Glomerular filtrate

Question 57

volume of glomerular filtrate formed per minute by the kidneys; regulated by multiple mechanisms and is an important indicator of kidney function

Answer 57

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR)

Question 58

occurs in the Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) part of the renal tubule

Answer 58

Tubular reabsorption

Question 59

is the most abundant ion and most of it is reabsorbed by active transport and then transported to the peritubular capillaries

Answer 59

Sodium (Na)

Question 60

In the tubular reabsorption or secretion, ____ and this occurs either by passive or active transport.

Answer 60

Almost all nutrients are reabsorbed

Question 61

are regulated and can be influenced by hormones

Answer 61

Reabsorption of water and some key electrolytes

Question 62

most of the sodium is reabsorbed by active transport and then transported to the

Answer 62

peritubular capillaries

Question 63

Water is also independently reabsorbed into the peritubular capillaries due to the presence of

Answer 63

aquaporins, or water channels

Question 64

The ____ increases as it moves deeper into the medulla

Answer 64

Osmotic gradient