Respiratory System Flashcards
Its main function is to breathe in
oxygen and breathe out carbon
dioxide
Respiratory system
is made up of
your lungs, airways (trachea, bronchi
and bronchoioles), diaphragm, voice
box, throat, nose and mouth
Respiratory system
The nose helps bring in air, cleans it, and makes it warm and moist
Nasal Cavity
The mouth is another way to breathe when needed
Oral Cavity
Includes the nose and throat; it prepares the air for the lungs by cleaning and warming it
Upper Respiratory Tract
A tube that carries air from your throat to your lungs
Trachea (Windpipe)
Two sponge-like organs where breathing happens. They take in oxygen and get rid of carbon dioxide
Lungs
Tiny tubes in the lungs that carry air to small sacs
Bronchiole
Tiny balloon-like sacs where oxygen enters your blood, and carbon dioxide leaves
Alveoli
Pumps blood to the lungs to pick up oxygen and carry it to the rest of the body
Heart
A muscle under the lungs that helps pull air in and push it out
Diaphragm
This is the pathway between the heart and the lungs. It carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs to pick up oxygen and then returns oxygenated blood back to the heart
Pulmonary Circulation
This is the pathway between the heart and the rest of the body. It carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the body tissues and then returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart
Systemic Circulation
Receives deoxygenated blood from the body
Right Atrium
Pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs
Right Ventricle
Carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs
Pulmonary Artery
Where gas exchange occurs, oxygen enters the blood, and carbon dioxide is released
Lungs
Carries oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the heart
Pulmonary Vein
Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs
Left Atrium
Pumps oxygenated blood to the body
Left Ventricle
The main artery carrying oxygenated blood to the body
Aorta
All the tissues and organs of the body receive oxygenated blood
Blood Tissues
The main vein carrying deoxygenated blood back to the heart
Vena Cava
The main function of your respiratory system?
Warms and adds moisture to the air you breathe in, Protects your body from particles you breathe in, Allows you to talk, Helps you smell, Balances level of acidity in your body
Caterpillars take in air by means of? (tiny holes along the sides of their bodies)
Spiracles
Process by which organisms that live in water obtain oxygen from their surroundings and expel carbon dioxide
Aquatic Respiration
are thin, highly vascularized structures that extract dissolved oxygen from water as it flows over them. Oxygen diffuses into the blood, and carbon dioxide diffuses out
Gills
form of respiration where gas exchange occurs directly through the skin. Oxygen diffuses into the body, and carbon dioxide diffuses out, using the skin as the respiratory surface
Cutaneous Respiration
a type of respiration where gas exchange occurs through the moist lining of the mouth and pharynx
Buccopharyngeal Respiration
the process of gas exchange that occurs in the lungs of organisms. Oxygen is inhaled into the lungs, diffused into the bloodstream, and carbon dioxide is exhaled
Pulmonary Respiration
structures from the nose to the larynx
Upper Respiratory Tract
structures from the trachea through the alveoli in the lungs
Lower Respiratory Tract
encompasses the structures from the nose to the smallest air tubes within the lungs and is strictly for ventilation
Conducting Zone
solely within the lungs and includes some specialized small air tubes and the alveoli. Gas exchange occurs within the ____
Respiratory Zone
Mainly composed of the hyaline cartilage
Nasal External Nose
The open chamber inside the nose where air first enters the respiratory system
Nasal Cavity
The floor of the nasal cavity, which separates it from the oral cavity in the mouth, is called the ?
Hard Palate
The two halves of the nasal cavity are separated by a wall of tissue called the?
nasal septum
three lateral bony ridges on each side of nasal cavity. It increase the surface area of the nasal cavity and helps in cleaning, humidifying, and warming of air
Conchae
air filled spaces within bone. It opens into nasal cavity and is lined with mucus
Paranasal Sinuses
a common passageway for the respiratory and digestive systems
Pharynx
Adam’s apple
Thyroid Cartilage
flap that prevents swallowed materials from entering the larynx
Epiglottis
false vocal cords
Vestibular Folds
are the primary source of sound production. Air moving past the ____ causes them to vibrate and produce sound.
Vocal Folds
allows air to flow into the lungs. Consists of 16 to 20 C-shaped pieces of cartilage called tracheal ring
Trachea (Wind Pipe)
16 to 20 C-shaped pieces of cartilage
Tracheal ring
divides to form two smaller tubes called main bronchi, or primary bronchi, each of which extends to a lung
Bronchi
site of gas exchange. _____ are small, air-filled chambers where the air and the blood come into close contact with each other
Alveoli
The diaphragm contracts and moves downward, expanding the chest cavity.
This allows air to enter the lungs
Inhalation
The diaphragm relaxes and moves upward, reducing the chest cavity size. This forces air out of the lungs
Exhalation
Gas exchange in the lungs occur in the ____, tiny air sacs in the lungs
Alveoli
A condition where airways become inflamed and narrow, making it hard to breathe
Asthma
Includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema, causing airflow blockage
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
An infection that inflames air sacs in the lungs, which may fill with fluid
Pneumonia
A bacterial infection primarily affecting the lungs
Tubercolosis
Uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the lungs
Lung Cancer
