Endocrine system

Question 1

Second controlling system of the body

Answer 1

Endocrine system

Question 2

are produced by specialized cells

Answer 2

Hormones

Question 3

is the scientific study of
hormones and endocrine organs

Answer 3

Endocrinology

Question 4

An organ that makes hormones that are released directly into the blood and travel to tissues and organs all over the body.

Answer 4

Endocrine glands

Question 5

a region of the forebrain below the thalamus which coordinates both the autonomic nervous system and the activity of the pituitary, controlling body temperature, thirst, hunger, and other homeostatic systems, and involved in sleep and emotional activity

Answer 5

Hypothalamus

Question 6

is a small, pea-sized gland. It is found at the base of your brain, in line with the top of your nose

Answer 6

Pituitary gland

Question 7

is a tiny endocrine gland in the middle of your brain that helps regulate your body’s circadian rhythm by secreting the hormone melatonin.

Answer 7

Pineal gland

Question 8

is an endocrine gland in vertebrates. In humans, it is a butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck below the Adam’s apple.

Answer 8

Thyroid gland

Question 9

are four pea-sized endocrine glands that are embedded within the back side of your thyroid.

Answer 9

Parathyroid glands

Question 10

also known as suprarenal glands, are small, triangular-shaped glands located on top of both kidneys.

Answer 10

Adrenal glands

Question 11

is an organ located in the abdomen. It plays an essential role in converting the food we eat into fuel for the body’s cells.

Answer 11

Pancreas

Question 12

are a pair of organs in the female reproductive system that produce eggs and female hormones

Answer 12

Ovaries

Question 13

are two oval-shaped male reproductive glands that produce sperm and the hormone testosterone.

Answer 13

testes

Question 14

is in the chest between the lungs. It makes white blood cells (T lymphocytes) which are part of the immune system and help fight infection.

Answer 14

Thymus gland

Question 15

are chemical messengers that regulate activities in tissues and organs

Answer 15

Hormones

Question 16

After hormones are released from the cell where they are made, they bind and act only on _____.

Answer 16

target cells

Question 17

is a receptor (lock) located on either the surface of the target cell (cell membrane) or inside the cell (cytoplasm or nucleus)

Answer 17

address

Question 18

is important for the normal functioning of various physiological and behavioral activities.

Answer 18

Hormone regulation

Question 19

The body produces more than ___ kinds of hormones

Answer 19

40

Question 20

The production of the hormones is maintained through ____

Answer 20

feedback mechanism

Question 21

increases the deviation of the hormone level from the normal as needed by the body in a certain situation.

Answer 21

Positive feedback mechanism

Question 21

decreases the deviation of the hormone level from the normal value.

Answer 21

Negative feedback mechanism

Question 22

Hormones produced in the pituitary gland

Answer 22

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), Prolactin, Adrenocorticotropic hormone, Endorphin, Growth hormone, Luteinizing hormone (LH), Follicle-stimulating hormone (FH), Oxytocin, Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 23

Hormones produced by thyroid

Answer 23

Thyroxine, calctitonin

Question 24

Hormones produced by Parathyroid

Answer 24

Parathyroid hormone

Question 25

Hormones produced by Adrenal glands

Answer 25

Epinephrine, Norepinephrine

Question 26

Hormones produced by Pancreas

Answer 26

Insulin, Glucagon

Question 27

Hormones produced by Ovaries

Answer 27

Estrogen, Progesterone

Question 28

Hormones produced by Testes

Answer 28

Testosterone

Question 29

Hormones produced by Thymus

Answer 29

Thymosin

Question 30

Hormones produced by Pineal

Answer 30

Melatonin

Question 31

Hormones produced by Gastrointestinal tract

Answer 31

Gastrin

Question 32

Major action of Thyroid-stimulating hormone

Answer 32

Stimulates the production and secretion of thyroxine

Question 33

Major action of Prolactin

Answer 33

Stimulates milk production

Question 34

Major action of Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Answer 34

Stimulates the secretion of corticosteroid

Question 35

Major action of Endorphin

Answer 35

Decreases the pain

Question 36

Major action of Growth Hormone

Answer 36

Stimulates general body growth

Question 37

Major action of Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

Answer 37

Stimulates the ovulation and production of estrogen and progesterone

Question 38

Major action of Follicle-stimulating Hormone (FSH) in the Ovaries

Answer 38

Stimulates the growth of ovarian follicle

Question 39

Major action of Follicle-stimulating Hormone (FSH) in the Testes

Answer 39

Stimulates sperm production

Question 40

Major action of oxytocin on the mammary gland

Answer 40

Stimulates milk secretion

Question 41

Major action of oxytocin on the uterus

Answer 41

Stimulates uterine contraction

Question 42

Major action of Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Answer 42

Increases water absorption

Question 43

Major action of Thyroxine

Answer 43

Increases metabolic rate and growth

Question 44

Major action of Calcitonin

Answer 44

Stimulates calcium uptake

Question 45

Major action of Parathyroid hormone on bones

Answer 45

Stimulates calcium release into blood

Question 46

Major action of Parathyroid hormone on Digestive tracts

Answer 46

Stimulates calcium uptake into the blood

Question 47

Major action of Epinephrine(adrenaline) on Circulatory system

Answer 47

Increases heart rate, blood pressure, and blood sugar

Question 48

Major action of Epinephrine(adrenaline) on Respiratory system

Answer 48

Increasing breathing rate and clears airways

Question 49

Major action of Insulin

Answer 49

Stimulates glucose uptake from the blood

Question 50

Major action of Glucagon

Answer 50

Stimulates glucose release from cells into the blood

Question 51

Major action of Estrogen

Answer 51

Stimulates the female development and behavior

Question 52

Major action of Progesterone

Answer 52

Stimulates uterine lining

Question 53

Major action of Testosterone

Answer 53

Stimulates male development and behavior

Question 54

Major action of Thymosin

Answer 54

Stimulates differentiation

Question 55

Major action of Melatonin

Answer 55

Regulates biological rhythms

Question 56

Major action of Gastrin

Answer 56

Stimulates hydrochloric acid secretion

Question 57

Is a biological process of physical, hormonal, and emotional changes that marks the transition from childhood to adulthood.

Answer 57

Puberty

Question 58

Key glands involved in Puberty

Answer 58

Hypothalamus, Pituitary Gland, Gonads, and Adrenal Glands

Question 59

a change in the internal or external environment triggers a homeostatic response.

Answer 59

Stimulus

Question 60

specialized receptors detect change and transmit the information to the control center

Answer 60

Sensor

Question 61

The control center often the brain of endocrine glands, processes the information and initiates a corrective action.

Answer 61

Response