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Biology Finals > Urinary System > Flashcards

Urinary System Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the primary function of the urinary system?

A

To remove waste products from the body and regulate water and electrolyte balance.

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2
Q

True or False: The kidneys are responsible for filtering blood.

A

True

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3
Q

What are the two main hormones produced by the kidneys?

A

Erythropoietin and renin.

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4
Q

Fill in the blank: The functional unit of the kidney is called the ______.

A

nephron.

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5
Q

What are the three main processes involved in urine formation?

A

Filtration, reabsorption, and secretion.

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6
Q

Which part of the nephron is primarily responsible for filtration?

A

Glomerulus.

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7
Q

Multiple Choice: Which structure transports urine from the kidneys to the bladder? A) Urethra B) Ureter C) Renal pelvis D) Nephron

A

B) Ureter

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8
Q

What is the role of the bladder in the urinary system?

A

To store urine until it is ready to be excreted.

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9
Q

True or False: The urethra is longer in females than in males.

A

False

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10
Q

What is the name of the muscle that controls the release of urine from the bladder?

A

Detrusor muscle.

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11
Q

Fill in the blank: The process of urine formation begins in the ______.

A

nephrons.

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12
Q

What is the normal range of urine pH?

A

4.5 to 8.0.

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13
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a component of urine? A) Urea B) Glucose C) Creatinine D) Uric acid

A

B) Glucose

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14
Q

What is the main waste product found in urine that is produced from protein metabolism?

A

Urea.

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15
Q

True or False: The kidneys help regulate blood pressure.

A

True

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16
Q

What structure in the kidney reabsorbs the majority of water and solutes?

A

Proximal convoluted tubule.

17
Q

Fill in the blank: The outer layer of the kidney is called the ______.

A

renal cortex.

18
Q

What is the path of urine from the kidneys to the outside of the body?

A

Kidneys -> Ureters -> Bladder -> Urethra.

19
Q

Multiple Choice: Which part of the nephron is responsible for the concentration of urine? A) Glomerulus B) Loop of Henle C) Distal convoluted tubule D) Collecting duct

A

B) Loop of Henle

20
Q

True or False: The renal pelvis collects urine before it enters the ureter.

A

True

21
Q

What is the role of aldosterone in the urinary system?

A

To increase sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion in the kidneys.

22
Q

Fill in the blank: Urine is typically composed of about ______% water.

A

95%.

23
Q

What is the medical term for the inability to control urination?

A

Incontinence.

24
Q

Multiple Choice: Which condition is characterized by the presence of blood in urine? A) Hematuria B) Proteinuria C) Glycosuria D) Oliguria

A

A) Hematuria

25
Q

True or False: The urinary system plays a role in acid-base balance.

A

True

26
Q

What is the average daily urine output for a healthy adult?

A

About 1 to 2 liters.

27
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ is the functional part of the kidney responsible for urine production.

A

nephron.

28
Q

What is the primary role of the collecting duct in the nephron?

A

To concentrate urine and regulate water balance.

29
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a common symptom of a urinary tract infection (UTI)? A) Fever B) Increased thirst C) Abdominal pain D) All of the above

A

D) All of the above

30
Q

True or False: The kidneys are located in the lower abdomen.

A

False

31
Q

What is the term for the procedure that involves the removal of waste products from the blood using a machine?

A

Dialysis.

32
Q

Fill in the blank: The presence of ______ in urine can indicate diabetes mellitus.

A

glucose.

Biology Finals (9 decks)

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