Nervous System Flashcards
What are the two main divisions of the nervous system?
The central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
True or False: The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord.
True.
What is the primary function of the peripheral nervous system?
To connect the CNS to the limbs and organs.
Fill in the blank: The ________ is responsible for processing sensory information.
brain
What type of neurons transmit signals away from the CNS?
Efferent neurons.
Which structure is primarily responsible for reflex actions?
The spinal cord.
Multiple choice: Which part of the brain is involved in balance and coordination? A) Cerebrum B) Cerebellum C) Brainstem
B) Cerebellum.
What is the role of the brainstem?
To regulate vital functions such as heartbeat and breathing.
True or False: The autonomic nervous system is a part of the peripheral nervous system.
True.
What are the two subdivisions of the autonomic nervous system?
Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.
Fill in the blank: The ________ nervous system prepares the body for stressful situations.
sympathetic
What is the primary function of the parasympathetic nervous system?
To promote rest and digestion.
Multiple choice: Which glial cells provide support and nourishment to neurons? A) Oligodendrocytes B) Astrocytes C) Microglia
B) Astrocytes.
What is myelin and its function?
Myelin is a fatty substance that insulates axons to speed up signal transmission.
True or False: Neurons are the only cells in the nervous system.
False.
What is the gap between two neurons called?
Synapse.
Fill in the blank: The ________ lobe is responsible for processing visual information.
occipital
What is the function of the thalamus?
To relay sensory information to the appropriate areas of the brain.
Multiple choice: Which part of the brain regulates emotions and memory? A) Cerebellum B) Limbic system C) Medulla oblongata
B) Limbic system.
What is the role of the hypothalamus?
To regulate homeostasis and control the endocrine system.
True or False: The spinal cord is protected by the vertebral column.
True.
What are the three layers of protective membranes around the brain and spinal cord called?
Meninges.
Fill in the blank: The ________ is the largest part of the human brain.
cerebrum
What is the primary component of the white matter in the brain?
Myelinated axons.
Multiple choice: Which structure connects the left and right hemispheres of the brain? A) Corpus callosum B) Cerebellum C) Thalamus
A) Corpus callosum.
What is the primary function of sensory neurons?
To carry signals from sensory receptors to the CNS.
What is the primary function of the nervous system?
To coordinate and control the body’s activities by transmitting signals between different parts of the body.
True or False: The nervous system is divided into the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system.
True
Fill in the blank: The central nervous system consists of the _____ and the _____ .
brain, spinal cord
What are the two main types of cells in the nervous system?
Neurons and glial cells.
What is the role of neurons?
To transmit information throughout the body.
Multiple choice: Which part of the neuron receives signals from other neurons? A) Axon B) Dendrites C) Synapse
B) Dendrites
What is the function of glial cells?
To support and protect neurons.
True or False: The peripheral nervous system is responsible for processing information.
False
What is the role of the spinal cord?
To transmit signals between the brain and the rest of the body.
Fill in the blank: The autonomic nervous system controls _____ functions.
involuntary
What are the two branches of the autonomic nervous system?
Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.
Multiple choice: Which branch of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for the ‘fight or flight’ response? A) Sympathetic B) Parasympathetic
A) Sympathetic
What is the main function of the parasympathetic nervous system?
To promote the ‘rest and digest’ response.
True or False: The somatic nervous system is responsible for voluntary movements.
True
Fill in the blank: The _____ nervous system connects the central nervous system to skeletal muscles.
somatic
What is the primary neurotransmitter used by the sympathetic nervous system?
Norepinephrine.
Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a function of the nervous system? A) Sensory input B) Motor output C) Blood circulation
C) Blood circulation
What is a reflex arc?
A neural pathway that controls a reflex action.
True or False: Reflex actions are processed in the brain.
False
Fill in the blank: The _____ lobe of the brain is primarily responsible for processing visual information.
occipital
What is the role of the hypothalamus?
To regulate homeostasis and control the autonomic nervous system.
Multiple choice: Which part of the brain is involved in balance and coordination? A) Cerebrum B) Cerebellum C) Brainstem
B) Cerebellum
What is neuroplasticity?
The ability of the nervous system to change and adapt in response to experience.
True or False: Myelin sheath increases the speed of nerve impulse transmission.
True
Fill in the blank: _____ are the gaps in the myelin sheath that facilitate rapid signal transmission.
Nodes of Ranvier
What is the primary function of the limbic system?
To regulate emotions and memory.
Multiple choice: Which structure is known as the ‘master gland’ of the endocrine system? A) Pituitary gland B) Thyroid gland C) Adrenal gland
A) Pituitary gland
