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Biology Finals > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the two main divisions of the nervous system?

A

The central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS).

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2
Q

True or False: The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord.

A

True.

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3
Q

What is the primary function of the peripheral nervous system?

A

To connect the CNS to the limbs and organs.

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4
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ is responsible for processing sensory information.

A

brain

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5
Q

What type of neurons transmit signals away from the CNS?

A

Efferent neurons.

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6
Q

Which structure is primarily responsible for reflex actions?

A

The spinal cord.

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7
Q

Multiple choice: Which part of the brain is involved in balance and coordination? A) Cerebrum B) Cerebellum C) Brainstem

A

B) Cerebellum.

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8
Q

What is the role of the brainstem?

A

To regulate vital functions such as heartbeat and breathing.

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9
Q

True or False: The autonomic nervous system is a part of the peripheral nervous system.

A

True.

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10
Q

What are the two subdivisions of the autonomic nervous system?

A

Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.

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11
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ nervous system prepares the body for stressful situations.

A

sympathetic

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12
Q

What is the primary function of the parasympathetic nervous system?

A

To promote rest and digestion.

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13
Q

Multiple choice: Which glial cells provide support and nourishment to neurons? A) Oligodendrocytes B) Astrocytes C) Microglia

A

B) Astrocytes.

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14
Q

What is myelin and its function?

A

Myelin is a fatty substance that insulates axons to speed up signal transmission.

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15
Q

True or False: Neurons are the only cells in the nervous system.

A

False.

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16
Q

What is the gap between two neurons called?

A

Synapse.

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17
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ lobe is responsible for processing visual information.

A

occipital

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18
Q

What is the function of the thalamus?

A

To relay sensory information to the appropriate areas of the brain.

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19
Q

Multiple choice: Which part of the brain regulates emotions and memory? A) Cerebellum B) Limbic system C) Medulla oblongata

A

B) Limbic system.

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20
Q

What is the role of the hypothalamus?

A

To regulate homeostasis and control the endocrine system.

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21
Q

True or False: The spinal cord is protected by the vertebral column.

A

True.

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22
Q

What are the three layers of protective membranes around the brain and spinal cord called?

A

Meninges.

23
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ is the largest part of the human brain.

A

cerebrum

24
Q

What is the primary component of the white matter in the brain?

A

Myelinated axons.

25
Q

Multiple choice: Which structure connects the left and right hemispheres of the brain? A) Corpus callosum B) Cerebellum C) Thalamus

A

A) Corpus callosum.

26
Q

What is the primary function of sensory neurons?

A

To carry signals from sensory receptors to the CNS.

27
Q

What is the primary function of the nervous system?

A

To coordinate and control the body’s activities by transmitting signals between different parts of the body.

28
Q

True or False: The nervous system is divided into the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system.

A

True

29
Q

Fill in the blank: The central nervous system consists of the _____ and the _____ .

A

brain, spinal cord

30
Q

What are the two main types of cells in the nervous system?

A

Neurons and glial cells.

31
Q

What is the role of neurons?

A

To transmit information throughout the body.

32
Q

Multiple choice: Which part of the neuron receives signals from other neurons? A) Axon B) Dendrites C) Synapse

A

B) Dendrites

33
Q

What is the function of glial cells?

A

To support and protect neurons.

34
Q

True or False: The peripheral nervous system is responsible for processing information.

A

False

35
Q

What is the role of the spinal cord?

A

To transmit signals between the brain and the rest of the body.

36
Q

Fill in the blank: The autonomic nervous system controls _____ functions.

A

involuntary

37
Q

What are the two branches of the autonomic nervous system?

A

Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.

38
Q

Multiple choice: Which branch of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for the ‘fight or flight’ response? A) Sympathetic B) Parasympathetic

A

A) Sympathetic

39
Q

What is the main function of the parasympathetic nervous system?

A

To promote the ‘rest and digest’ response.

40
Q

True or False: The somatic nervous system is responsible for voluntary movements.

A

True

41
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ nervous system connects the central nervous system to skeletal muscles.

A

somatic

42
Q

What is the primary neurotransmitter used by the sympathetic nervous system?

A

Norepinephrine.

43
Q

Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a function of the nervous system? A) Sensory input B) Motor output C) Blood circulation

A

C) Blood circulation

44
Q

What is a reflex arc?

A

A neural pathway that controls a reflex action.

45
Q

True or False: Reflex actions are processed in the brain.

A

False

46
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ lobe of the brain is primarily responsible for processing visual information.

A

occipital

47
Q

What is the role of the hypothalamus?

A

To regulate homeostasis and control the autonomic nervous system.

48
Q

Multiple choice: Which part of the brain is involved in balance and coordination? A) Cerebrum B) Cerebellum C) Brainstem

A

B) Cerebellum

49
Q

What is neuroplasticity?

A

The ability of the nervous system to change and adapt in response to experience.

50
Q

True or False: Myelin sheath increases the speed of nerve impulse transmission.

A

True

51
Q

Fill in the blank: _____ are the gaps in the myelin sheath that facilitate rapid signal transmission.

A

Nodes of Ranvier

52
Q

What is the primary function of the limbic system?

A

To regulate emotions and memory.

53
Q

Multiple choice: Which structure is known as the ‘master gland’ of the endocrine system? A) Pituitary gland B) Thyroid gland C) Adrenal gland

A

A) Pituitary gland

Biology Finals (9 decks)

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