Urinary System Flashcards
The urinary system
removes waste products and helps regulate blood volume and body pH
the urinary system also
produces renin and erythropoietin, gluconeogenesis nd maintenance of body water
urine is stored in the _______ of mammals
urinary bladdar
urine is stored in the _______ of avians
large intestine
the functional unit of the kidney
nephron
the nephron
Filters blood, compounds are reabsorbed, and waste compounds are secreted forming urine
the 6 functions of the urinary system
- regulates body water
- filters blood
- maintains electrolyte balance
- reabsorbed water
- regulates acid-base balance ~7.4 pH
- collects and stores urine
the mammalian urinary system contains
2 kidneys, 2 ureters, urinary bladdar, and urethra
the avian urinary system contains
2 kidneys, 2 ureters, and cloaca
ureters carry urine from ______ to the _______ in mammals
kidney; urinary bladdar
ureters carry urine from ______ to the _______ in avians
kidney; cloaca
Cattle and birds have _______ shaped kidneys
lobulated
kidneys develop on each side of the ______
backbone
both mammals and birds excrete urine that contains
urea, uric acid, ammonia, and creatinine
the primary nitrogen containing compound in urine in mammals is
urea
the primary nitrogen containing compound in urine in avians is
uric acid
the outer part of the kidney
renal cortex
the inner part of the kidney
renal medulla
the function of the renal cortex is
to filter blood to produce the glomerular filtrate
the function of the renal pyramids is
to convert the filtrate from the glomerular capsule into urine
the function of the renal columns is
support of the cortex of the kidney
gluconeogenesis
the process in which the body makes glucose from the non-carbohydrate substrates like lactate, pyruvate, glycerol, and amino acids
the renal pelvis is
funnel-shaped opening in the kidney
the renal pelvis receives urine from the
collecting ducts
Loop of Henle is responsible for
reabsorption of salt and water from urine
adrenal cortex secretes
steroid hormones like aldosterone and cortisone
***AC -> AC
adrenal medulla secretes
epinephrine (adrenalin) and norepinephrine
***AMEN
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
filtrate produced per minute by both kidneys; the work rate of the kidney
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Excreted by the posterior pituitary in the brain and increases H2O resorption by the kidney
Aldosterone
steroid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex; increases sodium retention by the kidney
Renin
An enzyme secreted by the kidney; increases the release of aldosterone
