Ruminant Digestive System and Sheep Internal Anatomy Flashcards
what are the accessory organs in the digestive system
teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gall bladder and pancreas
what are the 4 parts of the rumination cycle
- regurgitation
- reinsalvation
- remastication
- redeglution
regurgitation
after the feed has been initially chewed and swallowed, the reticulum initiates retrieval so it can return to the mouth
reinsalvation
the salivary glands add more mucin and bicarbonate to assist in breaking down the feed more
remastication
rechewing the feed
redeglutition
re-swallowing the feed
what is not produced in the salivary glands in ruminants
salivary amylase
saliva contains
mucin, bicarbonate and urea in a water solution
what 4 compartments are divided up in the stomach
- reticulum
- rumen
- omasum
- abomasum
what compartment has the honeycomb appearance and is known as the ‘hardware stomach”
reticulum
what initiates regurgitation
reticulum
what forms numerous, closely packed protrusions called papillae
rumen
rumen
site if microbial fermentation of feed and absorption of volatile fatty acids (VFAs)
omasum
water absorption
what has numerous fold or leaves
omasum
what is the ‘true’ or glandular stomach
abomasum
abomasum produces
HCl, pepsinogen, and intrinsic factors
abomasum
stores, mixes, physical breakdown, and initial digestion of protein
abomasum secretes
lysozymes and gastrin
what has a lace-like appearance
greater omentum
leukocyte production occurs in the
greater omentum
esophageal groove or reticular groove
two folds that close when young suckles to cause the milk to bypass the reticulum and rumen so that is it not fermentated
the liver has what 4 functions
- metabolic nutrient processing and secretion of bile in digestion
- secretes angiotensinogen and IGF-1;
- makes plasma proteins
- disposes of hormones, drugs and toxins
what is the site for gluconeogenesis
liver
gall bladder
stores bile, excretes bile into the duodenum
the pancreas produces
bicarbonate, trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, procarboxypeptidase, pancreatic lipase and amylase, insulin and glucagon
the small intestine does not produce
sucrase
duodenum
receives chyme from the abomasum
the duodenum produces _____ and receives ______
bicorbonate; bile from the gall bladder and pancreatic secretion from the pancreas
jejunum
digestion of protein and carbohydrates; absorption of amino acids, monosaccharides, calcium, fatty acid and iron
ileum
absorption of bile salts, water, electrolystes, and vitamin B12
cecum
microbial fermentation of residual starch and some cellulose; absorption fermentation products such as VFAs, vitamins, and water
cecum
microbial fermentation of residual starch and some cellulose; absorption fermentation products such as VFAs, vitamins, and water
T or F: the amount of fermentation that occurs in the cecum and colon varies with the species
true
