Urinary System Flashcards
Functions of kidney
Excretion
Water and electrolyte balances: homeostasis
Osmolality and electrolyte conc: sodium
Arterial pressure
Acid-base balance
Erythrocyte production
Secretion
Gluconeogenesis
Excretion
Urea- amino acids
Creatinine- creatinine muscle
Uric acud- nucleic acid
Hemoglobin breakdown- bilirubin
Hormones
Water and electrolytes
Homeostasis
Osmolality and elec conc
Sodium
Mg
H
Cl
Pressure
Long term: excrete sodium and water
SHORT TERM: RENIN > ANGIOTENSIN II
Erythrocyte prod
By hematopoeitic stem cells in bone marrow
STIMULUS: HYPOXIA
No kidney/ diseased: Anemia
Secretion, metabolism and excretion of hormones
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3
Calcitrol
Nephron
In Renal cortex
Bowman’s capsule
Proximal tubule
In Renal medulla
Loop of henle
Back to cortex
Wall becomes thicker, thick segment of ascending limb
Macula cansa: end of ascending limb
Distal tube
Connecting tubule
Collecting tubule (cortical and medullary)
Collecting duct
Renal pelvis (emptying) through ren papillae
Urine transport
Collecting duct
Renal calyces
Renal pelvis
Ureter
Bladder
What innervates ureters
Sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves
Intramural plexus
Nerve fibres
What stimulates contractions in ureters
Parasympathetic stimulation
What inhibits contractions in ureter
Sympathetic stimulation
What do ureters enter the bladder through
Detrusor muscle
Trigone of the bladder
Function of detrusor muscle
Compress ureter to prevent backflow huh Ubuntu buying
