Bone And Cartilage Flashcards
Types of cartilage and identifications
1.Hyaline- few fibres
2. Fibrocartilage-more collagen
3. Elastic-more elastin than collagen
What is cartilage formed from
Chondroblast
Chondroblast >mitosis>condrocyte > cartilage (surrounded by perichondrium)
Where is hyaline cartilage found
Nasal, larynx,tracheal rings,articular surfaces, ribs ends (sternal)
Where is fibrocartilage found?
IV disc and articular cartilage
Pubis, joint capsules and attachments
Where is elastin cartilage found?
Pinna, external auditory canal,epiglottis,laryngeal cartilage and Eustachian tube
Bone cells
Osteoblast (synthesise osteoid and mediate mineralisation)
Osteocytes (inactive osteoblast trapped with formed bone)
Osteoclast (Resorption) (REMODELLED)
Compact bone features
Cortex
Medulla / cancellous zone
Haematopoetic marrow (occupies space within medulla)
Harvesian system (osteon) =H. Canal + Lamellae
Main forms of bone
- Woven ( immature with random collagen fibres , osteoblasts synthesise osteoid rapidly)
2.Lamellar (remodelled woven, parallel collagen fibres)
Compact bone
Surrounds spongy bone
Has Haversian systems also called osteons
In the middle is Havarsian canal, housing nerves, blood vessels and lymphatics that supply the bone
This canal is made up of circular shape (concentric lamellae)
Has volkmann canal (transverse) that houses nerves, lymphatics INTERCONNECT AT RIGHT ANGLES
Bone layers
1- inner circumferential layer: makes up the endosteum
2- outer circumferential layer: makes up the periosteum
Bone development ways
Endochondrial ossification (cartilage)
Intramembranous ossification (mesenchymal tissue)
Mesenchymal cell derivatives
Osteoprogenitor cells
(Osteoblast + osteocytes)
Cancellous bone
Made up of trabeculae/ spongy bone)
Bone development via endochondral ssification
Osteogenic zone
