Urinary System Flashcards
WHAT IS THE JOB OF THE KIDNEYS
The major role of maintaining homeostasis with respect to the composition and volume of blood and body fluids is controlled by the kidneys
WHAT DOES THE URETER DO
to transport urine from the renal pelvis into the urinary bladder
WHAT DO THE KIDNEYS CONTROL
regulate the composition and volume of the blood and remove wastes from the blood in the form of urine
WHAT IS THE HILUM AN ENTRANCE TO
The hilum is the entrance to a cavity in the kidney called the renal sinus, which consists of connective tissue and fat
WHAT IS THE CORTEX
A frontal section through a kidney will reveal an outer area called the cortex
The bases of the pyramids face the cortex and their tips, called the renal papillae (REEnal pah-PILL-ee), point toward the center of the kidney.
WHAT ARE THE RENAL PYRAMIDS
Within the medulla are 8 to 18 striated, triangular structures called the renal pyramids. The striated appearance is caused by an aggregation of straight tubules and blood vessels
WHAT DOES THE RENAL PELVIS EVENTUALLY NARROW TO FORM
It is the renal pelvis that eventually narrows to form the ureter.
WHAT IS THE FIRST PART OF THE RENAL TUBULE
Bowman’s capsule opens into the first part of the renal tubule, called the proximal convoluted tubule, located in the cortex
WHAT IS THE LOOP OF HENLE
The tubule then bends into a U-shaped structure known as the loop of Henle. As the tubule straightens, it increases in diameter and ascends toward the cortex of the kidney
WHAT PERCENTAGE OF WATER IS REABSORBED FROM THE TUBULAR FLUID BACK INTO THE BLOODSTREAM
About 95% of water is reabsorbed back into the bloodstream
HOW MUCH URINE SHOULD BE PRODUCED PER HOUR
The daily production of urine is between 0.6 and 2.5 liters per day
WHAT IS THE URINARY BLADDER
The urinary bladder is a hollow muscular organ located in the pelvic cavity posterior to the pubic symphysis. It consists of the same tissue layers as the ureters
WHAT IS MICTURITION
Urine is expelled from the bladder by an act known as micturition (mik-tyoo-RIH-shun), commonly referred to as urination or voiding
WHAT IS THE URETHRA
The urethra (yoo-REE-thrah) is a small thin-walled tube leading from the floor of the urinary bladder to the outside of the body.
WHERE DO THE COLLECTING DUCTS EMPTY INTO
The collecting ducts now pass through the renal pyramids and open into the calyces of the pelvis through a number of larger papillary ducts, which empty urine into the renal pelvis
