Urinary System

Question 1

They filter your blood. They remove
wastes, control the body’s fluid balance, and keep
the right levels of electrolytes.

Answer 1

Kidney

Question 2

shape of kidney

Answer 2

bean

Question 3

Passageway of urine from kidney to
bladder

Answer 3

ureter

Question 4

Uric acid crystals when urine becomes extremely
concentrated solutes

Answer 4

Renal Calculi (kidney stones)

Question 5

Management of Renal Calculi (kidney stones)

Answer 5

surgery or lithotripsy

Question 6

a hollow, muscular organ situated centrally in
the pelvis; it stores urine until it is convenient
to release it.

Answer 6

Urinary bladder

Question 7

thin-walled tube that carries urine by peristalsis from
the bladder to the outside of the body

Answer 7

urethra

Question 8

An involuntary sphincter that keeps the urethra
closed when urine in not being passed

Answer 8

Internal Urethral Sphincter

Question 9

Fashioned by skeletal muscle as the urethra passes
through the pelvic floor. This sphincter is voluntary in
control

Answer 9

External Urethral Sphincter

Question 10

reabsorb vital substances, remove
unwanted ones, and return the filtered blood back to
the body

Answer 10

kidneys

Question 11

encloses the kidney/protects and acts as a barrier

Answer 11

renal capsule

Question 12

indentation. a vertical slit on the medial border of the
kidney, which is bound by the thick lips of the renal
substance

Answer 12

hilum

Question 13

is the entry and exit site for structures servicing the
kidneys: vessels, nerves, lymphatic vessels, and
ureters

Answer 13

hilum

Question 14

outer portion of kidney

Answer 14

renal cortex

Question 15

inner portion of kidney

Answer 15

Renal medulla

Question 16

Renal medulla has a triangular region with a
striped appearance that transport fluid into the kidney called

Answer 16

renal pyramid

Question 17

a large cavity that collects the urine as it is produced

Answer 17

Renal Pelvis

Question 18

is a fat-filled cavity in the middle of the kidney that
cushions important parts

Answer 18

renal sinus

Question 19

junction between cortex and medulla/transport fluid into the kidney

Answer 19

renal pyramid

Question 20

tip of pyramids/these are small cup-shaped
spaces that collect fluid before
it moves into the bladder.

Answer 20

calyx

Question 21

Each of your kidneys is made up of about a million
filtering units called_______

Answer 21

nephrons

Question 22

They filter the blood, reabsorb what the body needs,
and excrete the rest as urine.

Answer 22

nephrons

Question 23

region of nephron that filters
the blood

Answer 23

Renal corpuscle

Question 24

region of nephron thaat returns filtered
substances in the blood

Answer 24

Proximal convoluted
tubule

Question 25

region of nephron that conserve water and solutes

Answer 25

Loop of Henle

Question 26

regions of nephrons that rids the blood of additional wastes

Answer 26

Distal convoluted tubule

Question 27

structure that contains a Bowman’s capsule and glomerulus

Answer 27

Renal corpuscle

Question 28

also has a structural function and creates a urinary space through which filtrate can enter the nephron and pass to the proximal convoluted tubule

Answer 28

Bowman’s capsule (Glomerular capsule)

Question 29

the fluid filtered from the glomerular capillaries

Answer 29

filtrate

Question 30

a network of capillaries twisted around each other like a ball of yarn

Answer 30

Glomerulus

Question 31

There are 3 main steps of urine formation.

Answer 31

1.Glomerular filtration 2.Reabsorption 3.Secretion

Question 32

occurs in the glomerulus where blood is filtered

Answer 32

Glomerular Filtration

Question 33

A process where blood is filtered in such a way that all the constituents of the plasma reach the Bowman’s capsule, except proteins.

Answer 33

ultrafiltration

Question 34

Around 99 per cent of the filtrate obtained is reabsorbed by the renal tubules.

Answer 34

reabsorption

Question 35

It is 95% water and 5% waste products

Answer 35

Urine

Question 36

Water intake is controlled by _____________ in thirst center

Answer 36

hypothalamus

Question 37

For cells of the body to function properly, blood pH must be maintained between ___________________.

Answer 37

7.35 and 7.45

Question 38

Whenever the pH of arterial blood arises above 7.45, a person is said to have _______

Answer 38

Alkalosis

Question 39

A drop in arterial pH to below 7.35 results in __________

Answer 39

Acidosis

Question 40

excessive intake of sugary foods / Diabetes Mellitus

Answer 40

glycosuria

Question 40

excessive intake of sugary foods / Diabetes Mellitus

Answer 40

glycosuria

Question 41

physical exertion, pregnancy / Glomerulonephritis, hypertension

Answer 41

Proteinuria

Question 42

presence of pus (wbc and bacteria) / urinary tract infection

Answer 42

Pyuria

Question 43

blood in urine, bleeding in the urinary tract due to trauma, kidney stones or infection

Answer 43

Hematuria

Question 44

transfusion reaction, hemolytic anemia

Answer 44

Hemoglobinuria

Question 45

liver disease / hepatitis

Answer 45

Bilirubinuria