Lymphatic System

Question 1

3 Functions of the Lymphatic System

Answer 1

Fluid balance, Fat absorption, and defense

Question 2

near internal opening of nasal cavity (adenoid)

Answer 2

pharyngeal tonsil

Question 3

microorganisms and other foreign substances are filtered from lymph by lymph nodes and from blood by the spleen

Answer 3

defense

Question 4

posterior surface of tongue

Answer 4

lingual tonsil

Question 5

carries fluid in only one direction, that is from tissues to the blood vessels

Answer 5

lymphatic system

Question 6

as blood passes from capillaries to interstitial space and to tissues, there is an excess of 3 liters of interstitial fluid left which needs to go back to circulation and prevent edema from occurring

Answer 6

fluid balance

Question 7

form a protective ring of lymphatic tissue around nasal, oral cavities and the pharynx

Answer 7

tonsils

Question 8

embedded throughout the body together with our blood vessels

Answer 8

lymphatic capillaries

Question 9

These excess fluid travels back to the circulation via the lymphatic vessels

Answer 9

lymph

Question 10

protect against pathogens and other potentially harmful materials entering the nose and mouth.

Answer 10

tonsils

Question 11

empties into the right subclavian vein

Answer 11

right lymphatic duct

Question 12

absorption of lipids and other substances from the linings of the digestive tract

Answer 12

fat/lipid absorption

Question 13

removal of palatine tonsil

Answer 13

tonsillectomy

Question 14

empties into the left subclavian vein

Answer 14

thoracic duct

Question 15

absorption of lipids and other substances from the linings of the digestive tract is facilitated by lymphatic vessels called

Answer 15

lacteals

Question 16

removal of pharyngeal tonsil

Answer 16

tonsil-adeinoidectomy

Question 17

resemble small veins/
has one way valves

Answer 17

lymphatic vessel

Question 18

fluid that enters lymphatic capillaries composed of water and some solutes

Answer 18

lymph

Question 19

It is less often infected and difficult to remove

Answer 19

lingual tonsil

Question 20

where lymphatic vessels from right upper limb and right head, neck, chest

Answer 20

right lymphatic duct

Question 21

Carries fluid in one direction from tissues to circulatory system

Answer 21

lymphatic capillaries and vessels

Question 21

3 superficial aggregations of lymph nodes

Answer 21

groin, armpit, and neck

Question 22

on each side of oral cavity

Answer 22

palatine tonsil

Question 23

tiny, closed-ended vessels

Answer 23

lymphatic capillaries

Question 24

detect and respond to foreign substances

Answer 24

spleen

Question 25

the body recognizes and destroys pathogens, but the response to them improves each time the pathogen is encountered

Answer 25

adaptive immunity

Question 26

an accumulation of fluid, dead neutrophils, and other cells at the site of infection

Answer 26

pus

Question 27

lymphatic tissue surrounding arteries

Answer 27

white pulp

Question 28

involves B cells

Answer 28

antibody-mediated immunity

Question 29

protect lymph in lymph nodes and blood in spleen and liver

Answer 29

macrophages

Question 30

contains macrophages and red blood cells that connect to veins

Answer 30

red pulp

Question 31

involves specific T Cells

Answer 31

cell-mediated immunity

Question 32

Appears in infected tissues after neutrophil and responsible for most of the phagocytic activities in the late stages of an infection

Answer 32

macrophage

Question 33

destroy old red blood cells

Answer 33

spleen

Question 34

First line of defense in innate immunity

Answer 34

physical barrier

Question 35

can release histamine that produce inflammatory response

Answer 35

basophil

Question 36

site for maturation of a class of lymphocytes called T-Cells

Answer 36

thymus gland

Question 37

chemicals that can kill microbes and prevent their entry into cells

Answer 37

chemical mediator

Question 38

proteins that protect against viral infections by stimulating surrounding cells to produce antiviral proteins

Answer 38

interferons

Question 39

ability to resist damage from pathogens

Answer 39

immunity

Question 40

found in tears and saliva to kill certain bacteria

Answer 40

lysozyme

Question 41

produce in red bone marrow and lymphatic tissue and released in the blood that fight pathogens

Answer 41

white blood cells

Question 42

2 Types of immunity

Answer 42

innate and adaptive

Question 43

prevent entry of some pathogens

Answer 43

mucous membranes

Question 44

ingestion and destruction of particles of foreign substances

Answer 44

phagocytic cells

Question 45

the body recognizes and destroys certain pathogens, but the response to them is the same each time the body is exposed

Answer 45

innate immunity

Question 46

promote inflammation by causing vasodilation increasing vascular permeability

Answer 46

histamine, prostaglandins, kotrienes

Question 47

Small phagocytic WBC/ first to respond to enter infected tissues from the blood in large numbers. They release chemical signals that increase the inflammatory response by recruiting and activating other immune cells.

Answer 47

neutrophils

Question 47

red bone marrow giving rise to all blood cells

Answer 47

homopoietic stem cells

Question 48

increase so much that large amounts of fluid are lost from the blood into the tissues

Answer 48

vascular permeability

Question 49

can release leukotrienes that produce inflammatory response

Answer 49

mast cell

Question 50

participate in inflammation associated with allergies and asthma

Answer 50

eusinophil

Question 51

clinical expression of circulatory failure that results in inadequate cellular oxygen utilization

Answer 51

shock

Question 52

produce antibody molecules that can latch on and destroy invading viruses or bacteria.

Answer 52

B cells

Question 53

release chemicals that damage membranes and cause the cell to lyce

Answer 53

natural killer cells

Question 54

defense that involves specific recognition to a specific antigen

Answer 54

adaptive immunity

Question 55

direct fighters of foreign invaders and also produced cytokines, which are biological substances that help activate other parts of the immune system.

Answer 55

T cells

Question 56

involves chemical and cells due to injury

Answer 56

inflammatory response

Question 57

2 types of Adaptive Immunity

Answer 57

antibody-mediated immunity cell-mediated immunity

Question 58

Inflammation response that is generally distributed throughout the body

Answer 58

systemic inflammation

Question 58

substance that stimulates immune response

Answer 58

antigen

Question 59

aided by interleukin II for T cells and MHC class II and helper T cells for B cells

Answer 59

lymphocyte proliferation

Question 60

produces and releases large numbers of neutrophils which produce phagocytosis

Answer 60

red bone marrow

Question 61

molecule produced by person’s body that stimulates immune system response

Answer 61

self antigen

Question 62

an immune response to non-self antigens from members of the same species

Answer 62

alloimmune

Question 63

chemicals released by microorganisms, neutrophils and other cells stimulate fever production

Answer 63

pyrogens

Question 64

Introduced from outside thee body. Microorganism (bacteria and virus), pollen, animal hair, drugs, and food that can cause allergic reaction

Answer 64

foreign antigen

Question 65

immunity where one’s own immune system is the cause of the immunity

Answer 65

active acquired immunity

Question 66

promotes the activities of the immune system such as phagocytosis, and inhibits the growth of some microorganisms

Answer 66

fever

Question 67

proteins the body produces in response to antigen

Answer 67

antibody

Question 68

immunity which occurs when another person or an animal develop immunity and this immunity is transferred to a non-immune individual

Answer 68

passive acquired immunity

Question 69

natural exposure to antigens causes production of antibodies

Answer 69

active naturally acquired immunity

Question 70

transfer of antibodies from mother to child

Answer 70

passive naturally acquired immunity

Question 71

injection of antigens using vaccines which cause the production of antibodies

Answer 71

active artificially acquired immunity

Question 71

injection of antibodies from another person or animal

Answer 71

passive artificially acquired immunity

Question 72

process of introducing killed, live, or inactivated pathogen

Answer 72

vaccination/ immunization

Question 72

at what age thymus gland decreases in size

Answer 72

60

Question 73

occurs with the help of antigen presenting cells like macrophages and major histocompatibility complex (MHC)

Answer 73

antigen recognition