Endocrine System Flashcards
secrete their product directly into blood stream
Endocrine glands
endocrine glands secrete very small amount of chemical
messengers called
hormones
study of the endocrine system
Endocrinology
Has ducts that carry their secretions to the outside of the
body or into hollow organs like the stomach and
intestines
Exocrine Gland
Are chemical messengers secreted specifically by the
endocrine glands directly into the bloodstream to target
tissues or effectors.
hormones
Sites where hormones produced a specific response
directly to some tissues or indirectly to other parts of the
body
Target Tissues/ cells/ organs
Are polar molecules includes proteins, peptides,
amino acids
Water soluble
non-polar includes steroids and eicosanoids
Lipid hormones
which is a part of the Nervous systems is
also recognized as a major endocrine organ because it
produces several hormones
Hypothalamus
Growth hormone, antidiuretic, prolactin are what type of hormones?
Water soluble
Pancreas is both endocrine and exocrine. T or F?
T
LH, FSH, androgens are what type of hormones?
Lipid hormones
target tissues of hypothalamus
anterior lobe of the pituitary gland
it stimulates or inhibits secretion of
specific hormones
Hypothalamus
size of pituary gland
grape
Hangs by a stalk from the
inferior surface of the
hypothalamus of the brain
Pituitary Gland
What controls pituitary gland?
hypothalamus
2 regions of pituitary gland
anterior and posterior
stimulates growth of bones,
muscles, and organs
growth hormones
Too much GH causes_________
gigantism
Too little GH causes_________
pituitary dwarfism
it is also called Thyrotropic Hormone
Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone
Target tissues of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone
thyroid gland
it regulates thyroid gland secretions
influences the growth and activity of the thyroid
gland
Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH)/Thyrotropic Hormone (TH)
Too much TSH, thyroid gland________
enlarges
Too little TSH, thyroid gland_______
shrinks
Regulates hormonal activities of the gonads
Gonadotropic Hormones/ Gonadotropins:
Target tissue of LH (Luteinizing) for females
ovaries
promotes ovulation and progesterone
production
LH (Luteinizing) for females (Gonadotropins)
sperm production and testosterone
LH for males: Interstitial Cell-stimulating
Hormone (ICSH) (Gonadotropins)
target tissue of LH for males: Interstitial Cell-stimulating
Hormone (ICSH)
testes
follicle maturation and estrogen
secretion
FSH (Follicle-Stimulating) for females
follicle maturation and estrogen
secretion
FSH (Follicle-Stimulating) for females
Target tissue of FSH (Follicle-Stimulating) for females
follicles in ovaries
sperm production
FSH for males
Target tissue of FSH for males
seminiferous tubules
after childbirth, it stimulates and
maintains milk production by the mother’s breast
Prolactin
Target tissues of prolactin
mammary glands and ovaries
regulates the endocrine activity of the
cortex portion of the adrenal gland. Tells adrenal
cortex to release corticosteroids
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone
Target tissues of Adrenocorticotropic Hormone
adrenal cortex
conserve water, prevents urine
production
conserve water, prevents urine
production
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
low ADH/ kidneys to produce large amounts of dilute
(watery) urine
Diabetes insipidus
One of largest glands/Requires iodine to function
THYROID GLAND
Decreased metabolic/Weight gain, reduced
appetite, fatigue/ Low temp. and pulse
Hypothyroidism
Increased metabolism/ Weight loss, increased
appetite, nervousness/Higher temp. and pulse/Warm, flushed skin
Hyperthyroidism
a hypercalcemic hormone
Parathyroid Hormone
a
hypocalcemic hormone
calcitonin
2 bean shaped curved over the top of the kidneys
ADRENAL GLANDS
2 regions of ADRENAL GLANDS
medulla and cortex
Located close to the stomach in the abdominal cavity
pancreas
too little insulin or faulty insulin receptors/exaggerated appetite, excess urine,
dehydration, thirst, fatigue
diabetes mellitus
