Urinary Flashcards
List the main functions of the Urinary system?
Excretion of metabolic wastes(toxins)
-Regulates water and salt balance
-Maintenance of acid-base balance
-Secretes and excretes urine to remove waste products
How much water is reabsorbed is reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)?
-65-70%
Describe the physiological process of how water is reabsorbed at the PCT
Through osmosis, driven by active transport of solutes into interstitial space
-Osmotic gradient is created drawing water out of tubule into peri tubular capillaries
Can you describe what happens as the filtrate passes through the loop of Henle?
Water is reabsorbed into descending limb and salt is reabsorbed into ascending limb
-Creates a concentration gradient that allows for production of concentrated urine
What is the counter current mechanism and why is it important?
Process that uses energy to create an osmotic gradient allowing for reabsorption of water from tubular fluid and production of concentrated urine
-Essential for water conversation
-Maintains osmotic balance
-Excretion of solutes
How does the Vesa Recta reabsorb water?
Through a countercurrent exchange mechanism where slow blood flow allows for passive diffusion of water
-Descends into medulla water moves out of vasa recta and into hypertonic interstitial following osmotic gradient
Can you describe what happens as the filtrate passes into the collecting duct?
Final stage of urine formation begins
-Collect filtrate from multiple nephrons and fuse together and descend into renal medulla
-Concentrates urine and conserves water through regulated reabsorption influenced by hormones such as ADH
Where do the main anti-diuretics and diuretics effect water reabsorption.
ADH acts on distal convulted tubule and collecting ducts in kidneys to increase water reabsorption
-Diuretics work at various points along nephron to decrease water reabsorption
