Urinary

Question 1

the major excretory system of the body

Answer 1

urinary system

Question 2

components of urinary system

Answer 2

• two kidneys
• two ureters
• one urinary bladder
• one urethra

Question 3

Functions of Urinary system

Answer 3

1. excretion
2. regulation of blood volume and pressure
3. regulation of blood solute concentration
4. regulation of extracellular fluid pH
5. regulation of ref blood cell synthesis
6. regulation of vitamin D synthesis

Question 4

Dark red, bean shaped organs about the size of a tightly clenched fist

Answer 4

kidneys

Question 5

what kidney is lower than the other due to the position of the liver

Answer 5

right kidney is slightly lower than left

Question 6

layer of connective tissue that surrounds each kidneys

Answer 6

renal capsule

Question 7

what surrounds the outside of the renal capsule which cushions and protects the kidneys

Answer 7

thick layer of adipose tissue

Question 8

thin layer of connective tissue that surrounds the adipose tissue and helps anchor the kidneys to the abdominal wall

Answer 8

renal fascia

Question 9

notch/indentation in the kidney

Answer 9

renal hilum

Question 10

serves as passageway of structures entering and leaving the kidneys

Answer 10

renal hilum

Question 11

adipose filled space or cavity that the renal arteries, renal veins, and renal pelvis occupy inside the kidney

Answer 11

renal sinus

Question 12

two major regions of the kidneys

Answer 12

cortex and medulla (surrounds the renal sinus)

Question 13

three dimensional cones leading to the minor calyx

Answer 13

renal pyramids

Question 14

funnel shaped structure that forms the major calyx

Answer 14

minor calyx

Question 15

merged two or more minor calyces

Answer 15

major calyx

Question 16

they act like funnels that collect and deliver urine to the renal pelvis

Answer 16

calyces

Question 17

microscopic functional unit of the kidney

Answer 17

nephron

Question 18

each kidney contains approximately how many nephrons?

Answer 18

1 - 1.5 million nephrons

Question 19

they are responsible for removal of waste and reabsorption of nutrients

Answer 19

nephron

Question 20

two types of nephrons

Answer 20

1. juxtamedullary nephrons
2. cortical nephrons

Question 21

have renal corpuscles that are found deep in the cortex near the medulla

Answer 21

juxtamedullary nephrons

Question 22

have long loops of henle, which extend deep into the medulla

Answer 22

juxtamedullary nephrons

Question 23

distributed throughout the cortex

Answer 23

cortical nephrons

Question 24

their loops of henle are shorter than those of juxtamedullary nephrons and are closer to the outer edge of the cortex

Answer 24

cortical nephrons

Question 25

renal functions

Answer 25

1. renal blood flow 2. glomerular filtration 3. tubular reabsorption 4. tubular secretion

Question 26

renal blood flow

Answer 26

1. renal artery 2. afferent arteriole 3. glomerulus 4. efferent arteriole 5. peritubular capillaries 6. vasa recta 7. renal vein

Question 27

renal corpuscle composition

Answer 27

composed of glomerulus and bowman's capsule

Question 28

network of capillaries twisted around each other like a ball of yarn

Answer 28

glomerulus

Question 29

fluid filtered from the glomerular capillaries

Answer 29

glomerular filtrate

Question 30

an indented, double-walled chamber surrounding the glomerulus

Answer 30

bowman capsule

Question 31

two layers of bowman capsule

Answer 31

parietal and visceral layer

Question 32

constructed of simple squamous epithelial cells

Answer 32

parietal layer

Question 33

constructed of specialized cells which wraps around the glomerulus

Answer 33

podocytes

Question 34

filtration membrane

Answer 34

1. fenestrated capillary endothelium 2. the basement membrane 3. the podocytes of the bowman capsule - forms filtration slits

Question 35

urinary filtrate flow

Answer 35

1. bowman capsule 2. proximal convoluted tubule 3. descending loop of henle 4. ascending loop of henle 5. distal convoluted tubule 6. collecting duct 7. renal calyces 8. ureter 9. bladder 10. urethra

Question 36

The functional unit of the kidney is called a

Answer 36

nephron

Question 37

proper sequence of structures in the nephron?

Answer 37

1. Proximal convoluted tubule 2. glomerulus 3. nephron loop 4. distal convoluted tubule

Question 38

It is secreted from the kidney when the blood pressure decreases and converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin I, which is then converted to angiotensin II by angiotensin-converting enzyme.

Answer 38

renin

Question 39

sequence in which urine flows through the kidney toward the urinary bladder

Answer 39

1. Papillary duct 2. minor calyx 3. major calyx 4. renal pelvis 5. ureter.

Question 40

Pus in the urine

Answer 40

pyuria

Question 41

Protein in the urine

Answer 41

Albuminuria

Question 42

location of the kidneys

Answer 42

between 12th thoracic and 3rd lumbar vertebra

Question 43

weight of kidney

Answer 43

5 oz

Question 44

protects and acts as a barrier

Answer 44

renal capsule

Question 45

contains renal artery, veins, nerves, and ureter

Answer 45

hilum

Question 46

contains renal pelvis, blood vessels, fat

Answer 46

renal sinus

Question 47

outer portion

Answer 47

renal cortex

Question 48

inner portion

Answer 48

renal medulla

Question 49

junction between cortex and medulla

Answer 49

renal pyramid