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Systems > Integumentary > Flashcards

Integumentary Flashcards

1
Q

the most common type of sweat gland

A

eccrine sweat

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2
Q

other term for hypodermis

A

subcutaneous tissue

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3
Q

produce chemicals that are odorless when first released but quickly metabolized by bacteria which causes body odor

A

apocrine sweat

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4
Q

What stratum is absent in thin skin.

A

Stratum lucidum

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5
Q

Contains blood vessels that supply the overlying
epidermis with O2 and nutrients, remove waste products, and aid in regulating body temperature.

A

papillary layer

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6
Q

type of epithelial root sheath that has all the strata found in thin skin

A

external epithelial root sheath

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7
Q

it produces both the hair and the inner root sheath

A

hair matrix

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8
Q

Organs of the Integumentary System

A

Skin and Accessory Structures (Hair, Nails, Glands)

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9
Q

the most superficial cells slough off

A

stratum corneum

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10
Q

fibers of the reticular layer

A

collagen and elastic fibers

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11
Q

a skin that covers the lateral and proximal edges of the nail

A

nail fold

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12
Q

a thickened region of the stratum corneum beneath the free edge of the nail body

A

hyponychium

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13
Q

composed of the combined secretion of ceruminous glands and sebaceous glands

A

cerumen

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14
Q

gland that is located in the breast

A

mammary gland

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15
Q

Cells of the dermis

A

fibroblasts, few adipocytes, and macrophages

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16
Q

Contains blood vessels, sweat and sebaceous glands and pressure receptors

A

reticular layer

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17
Q

location of the nails

A

distal ends of the digits

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18
Q

part of the hair which is located above the surface of the skin

A

shaft

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19
Q

two types of sweat glands

A

eccrine and apocrine glands

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20
Q

Functions of the integumentary system

A

protection, sensation, excretion, temperature regulation, and vitamin D production

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21
Q

covers the rest of the body and is more flexible than thick skin.

A

thin skin

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22
Q

tissue layers of the dermis that is loose connective tissue

A

papillary layer

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23
Q

fibers of the dermis

A

Collagen, elastic, and reticular

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24
Q

the central axis of the hair, consist of two or three layers of cells containing soft keratin

A

medulla

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25
Q

gland that is located in the ear canal

A

ceruminous

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26
Q

it makes the cells more durable

A

keratin

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27
Q

hair is divided into?

A

shaft and root

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28
Q

contracts, pull the follicle into more perpendicular position, causes the hair to “stand on end”

A

arrector pili muscle

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29
Q

receives nutrients and excrete waste by diffusion

A

epidermis

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30
Q

cell of the epidermis that produce the pigment melanin

A

melanocyte

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31
Q

strata of the epidermis that consist of several layers of cells held together by many desmosomes

A

stratum spinosum

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32
Q

epidermis is separated from the underlying dermis by?

A

basement membrane

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33
Q

tube-like invagination of the epidermis that extends into the dermis

A

hair follicle

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34
Q

strata of the epidermis that consist of a layer of dead, transparent cells

A

stratum lucidum

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35
Q

contains no blood vessels

A

epidermis

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36
Q

it attaches the skin to underlying bone and muscle and supplies the skin with blood vessels and nerves.

A

subcutaneous tissue

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37
Q

hair papilla has ______ that provide nourishment to the cells of the matrix

A

blood vessels

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38
Q

Pain and touch receptors in the papillary layer

A

meissner’s corpuscles

39
Q

surrounds the medulla and forms the bulk of the hair; it contains hard keratin

40
Q

epithelial root sheath is divided into:

A

external and internal

41
Q

other term for eccrine sweat glands

42
Q

it has all five epithelial strata, and the stratum corneum has many layers of cells

A

thick skin

43
Q

cell of the epidermis that gives the epidermis its ability to resist abrasion and reduce water loss

A

keratinocytes

44
Q

the stratum corneum of the nail fold grows onto the nail body

A

cuticle or eponychium

45
Q

thick skin is found in what areas

A

areas subject to pressure or friction, such as the palms of the hands, the soles of the feet, and the fingertips

46
Q

nails are consist of:

A

proximal nail root and distal nail body

47
Q

modified eccrine sweat glands

A

ceruminous glands

48
Q

it is where a hair develops and grows within

A

hair follicle

49
Q

found in the axillae and genitalia and around anus

A

apocrine sweat

50
Q

strata of the epidermis that consist of keratinocytes, which produce the cells of more superficial strata

A

stratum basale

51
Q

responsible for a person’s fingerprint

A

dermal papillae in hands and sole of the feet

52
Q

structure of hair where only the stratum basale is present

53
Q

cells of the epidermis that is part of the immune system

A

langerhans cells

54
Q

simple, coiled, tubular glands that open directly onto the surface of the skin through sweat pores

A

eccrine sweat

55
Q

an oily, white substance rich in lipids

56
Q

modified apocrine sweat glands

A

mammary glands

57
Q

a mass of epithelial cells inside the hair bulb

A

hair matrix

58
Q

cell of the epidermis that produce a protein mixture called keratin

A

keratinocytes

59
Q

not part of the skin

A

subcutaneous tissue

60
Q

keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

62
Q

the portion of the dermis that surrounds the epithelial root sheath

A

dermal root sheath

63
Q

major glands of the skin

A

sebaceous glands and sweat glands

64
Q

strata of the epidermis that consist of cells filled with granules of keratohyalin

A

stratum granulosum

65
Q

thin plate consisting of layers of dead stratum corneum cells that contain a very hard type of keratin

66
Q

other glands

A

ceruminous and mammary glands

67
Q

it is seen through the nail body as a whitish, crescent-shaped area at the base of the nail

68
Q

other term for earwax

69
Q

small part of the nail matrix

70
Q

an expanded knob at the base of the hair root

71
Q

found everywhere on the skin except the palms, soles, lips, nipples, parts of the external genitalia, and distal segments of the fingers and toes

72
Q

Deepest skin layer

A

reticular layer

73
Q

cells of the reticular layer

A

fibroblast, adipose, and phagocytes

74
Q

cells of the subcutaneous tissue

A

fibroblasts, adipocytes, and macrophages

75
Q

tissue layers of the dermis that is very uneven and has dermal papillae

A

papillary layer

76
Q

It is a fibrous connective tissue

77
Q

simple, coiled, tubular glands that usually open into hair follicles superficial to the opening of the sebaceous glands

A

apocrine sweat

78
Q

Two major tissue layers of the skin

A

epidermis and dermis

79
Q

specialized epidermal cells associated with the nerve endings responsible for detecting light touch and superficial pressure

A

merkel cells

80
Q

Cell death occurs in this stratum

A

Stratum granulosum

81
Q

Cells of the epidermis

A

keratinocytes, melanocytes, langerhans cells, and merkel cells

82
Q

each strata in thin skin contains _____ layers of cells

83
Q

located in the dermis, glands that produce sebum

A

sebaceous glands

84
Q

concentric layers of hair

A

medulla, cortex, and cuticle

85
Q

tissue layers of the dermis

A

papillary and reticular layer

86
Q

it held the edges of the nail in place

A

nail groove

87
Q

tissue layers of the dermis that is composed of dense irregular connective tissue

A

reticular layer

88
Q

part of the hair which is located below the surface of the skin

89
Q

strata of the epidermis that consist of many layers of dead squamous cells

A

stratum corneum

90
Q

what do you call on a fingerlike projections from superior surface

A

dermal papillae

91
Q

regions or strata of the epidermis

A

stratum basale
stratum spinosum
stratum granulosum
stratum lucidum
stratum corneum

92
Q

contributes to skin color

93
Q

hair follicle is consists of:

A

dermal root sheath and epithelial root sheath

94
Q

dermis of the skin projects into the hair bulb as

A

hair papilla

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