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Geography > Urbanisation > Flashcards

Urbanisation Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the urbanisation case studies

A

London and Mumbai

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2
Q

Define urbanisation

A

Increase in the percentage of people living in towns and cities in comparison with the countryside

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3
Q

In the past, where did more people live

A

In rural areas

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4
Q

When was the amount of people living in urban and rural equal

A

2006

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5
Q

Who announced that urban and rural population was equal and how many people was it?

A

The UN, and 3.26 billion

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6
Q

Now, where do most people live?

A

Urban

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7
Q

What is a megacity

A

A city with a population of over 10,000,000 people

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8
Q

Where are the highest rates of urbanisation

A

In poorer, low-income countries (LICS)

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9
Q

In LICS, what is the rate of rural-urban migration

A

High

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10
Q

What is also high in LICS

A

Natural increase

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11
Q

What is population growth

A

The difference between birth and death rate

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12
Q

What is it called when the birth rate is lower than the death rate

A

Natural decrease

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13
Q

In what continent are the most mega cities

A

Asia

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14
Q

What is a reason that most mega cities are in Asia

A

Asia is where over half the worlds population lives

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15
Q

Why is location a pull factor for urbanisation

A

Many cities are built on rivers, coasts and other busy transport routes. This means trade can thrive.

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16
Q

Why is economic development a pull factor for urbanisation

A

Economic growth creates jobs, which attracts people

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17
Q

Name some more pull features linked to urbanisation

A

Better health care, lower death rates and higher life expectancy

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18
Q

What percentage of people in the U.K. live in cities

A

82%

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19
Q

Describe Londons location

A

London is located in the south east of England, on the river Thames.

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20
Q

London is one of the world most important what?

A

Financial centres, along with New York

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21
Q

What does London contain

A

The headquarters of many large international companies

22
Q

London is a national and international centre for:

A

Media and communication networks
Education, research
Legal and medical facilities
Culture, entertainment and tourism

23
Q

What main transport route runs around London

A

M25

24
Q

What city is the most ethically diverse in the U.K.

A

London

25
Q

What percentage of Londons population is not white uk?

A

55%

26
Q

Name a case study for urban regeneration

A

The Olympic legacy project

27
Q

What had to happen to land for it to be built on for the OLP

A

It had to be decontaminated from previous industry and electrical pylons had to be removed to improve appearance and bridges had to be built

28
Q

Why was the London bid successful for the Olympics

A

Large area of land available, good transport connections, diverse area and promise to improve east London

29
Q

What had to be removed for the Olympics

A

Old factories, derelict and overgrown sites, container soil and eyesores

30
Q

What took the place of removed sites

A

New sport venues, tourist attractions, clean soil and waterways, new residential community

31
Q

How much money did London spend on the game

A

£9.3 billion

32
Q

What are the key areas in London

A

Finance, fashion, media, national security, tourism, politics

33
Q

Define segregation

A

The separation of a group of people or individuals due to different characteristics

34
Q

Where is the majority of non-white population in London

A

North of the river Thames, in places such as Harrow

35
Q

Where is there a large population of white people in London

A

In the south, including Havering

36
Q

Name 5 opportunities of London

A

Diversity, recreation and entertainment, employment, urban greening and integrated transport systems

37
Q

Name 4 challenges of London

A

Social deprivation, shortage of homes, air pollution and urban sustainability

38
Q

Why is transport an opportunity of London

A

Lots of airports, underground, buses, Oyster cards and bikes

39
Q

Why is urban greening an opportunity of London

A

Rooftop spaces, parks, open water

40
Q

What is urban greening

A

A project to increase green space

41
Q

Why is diversity a opportunity of London

A

Enriches cultural life, positive exposure to other religions, shows citizens that London is tolerant

42
Q

Why is diversity also a challenge

A

It can cause language barriers, and create ghettos

43
Q

Why is recreation an opportunity of London

A

West End, olympics, parliament, royal family

44
Q

What is social deprivation

A

The difference between the rich and the poor

45
Q

Name a wealthy borough

A

Kensington

46
Q

Name a poor borough

A

Newham

47
Q

What are the two solutions for shortage of affordable homes

A

To build on brownfield sites or greenfield sites

48
Q

Why can’t we build on brownfield sites

A

There are listed buildings, contaminated sites, industrial areas

49
Q

Name 4 reasons why BedZED is sustainable

A

1) wind cowls on top of buildings - brings in clean and warm air without gas needed to heat it, also includes a heat multiplier. Solar panels on roof to charge batteries, fruit and veg grown on roofs too.
2) water treatment plant- makes grey water which is for washing etc, recycles water and recycling rubbish is not an option it’s mandatory
3) 12 inches of insulation, double the normal to prevent heat loss
4) charging and parking for electric cars only, cycle routes to encourage walking/biking. Community create groups to improve quality of life

50
Q

What are the 3 things needed to be sustainable

A

Social, environment and economic

Geography (7 decks)

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