urban waste

Question 1

what are the three types of waste

Answer 1

-industrial. waste produced in manufacturing industry
-private. waste from homes
-commercial. waste produced from businesses

Question 2

waste stream

Answer 2

this is the flow of waste from its origin to its eventual disposal

Question 3

why is there more waste in HICS

Answer 3

they consume more so there is more waste. produce 2 billion tonnes of waste

Question 4

what is the waste hierachy

Answer 4

1.reduce
2.reuse
3.recycle
4.incineration
5.landfill

Question 5

how much waste ends up in landfill

Answer 5

37%

Question 6

how much waste is burnt a year

Answer 6

1 billion tonnes

Question 7

waste incineration. positives and negatives

Answer 7

waste incineration is the process of burning waste for energy and electricity.
positives: reduces volume of waste by 90%, provides power to 18 million, remaining ash can be used for construction.
negatives: espensive to produce waste plants, emits 54 million tonnes of co2 a year, produces 60% of emissions coal would, diverts funding away from cleaner options

Question 8

what is open burning

Answer 8

1 billion tonnes of waste are burnt in open spaces, usually in LIC countries which creates huge pollution problems to the global and local envrionment. for example in african countries where there is no other option, people burn waste which creates health issues

Question 9

how much does waste contribute to global pollution

Answer 9

8-10%

Question 10

how much is annual waste increasing by and why

Answer 10

7%. due to increasing demand for products due to economic growth and polulation growth

Question 11

municipial solid waste (MSW)

Answer 11

this is solid waste that consist of everday waste that gets thrown away

Question 12

how much MSW is produced per person per day

Answer 12

3 billion residents generate 1.2kg per day

Question 13

urban mining

Answer 13

process of recovering materials and elements from waste which can be re-used and recycled and returns materials to the economy

Question 14

how does trade affect waste in LICS

Answer 14

toxic waste is usually exported from HIC countries to LIC countries. international laws and trade liberalisation has made is easier to transport waste.

Question 15

Amsterdam case study

Answer 15

rising economic growth in the netherlands has led to greater production of goods, this has brought about more waste. there is a lack of space for landfill so in 1995 the government introduced a landfill tax on every tonne of material which gave incentive for businesses to find alternative methods.
by 2006 the country reached its 2016 goal to decrease waste landfill.
they produced a W2E plant

Question 16

what is the afual energie bedrijf plant

Answer 16

a W2E plant in amsterdam which brings in 1.4 million tonnes of waste, 600 trucks of waste are brought in per day.
64% of waste here is recycled and avoids 438 kilotons of co2 per year.

Question 17

lifestyles and attitudes

Answer 17

HIC countries have a throw away culture, a human society strongly influenced by consumerism. The term describes a critical view of overconsumption and excessive production of short-lived or disposable items over durable goods that can be repaired.
there is lack of knowledge for sustainable methods to reduce waste, for example recycling.
LIC countries

Question 18

what are the issues of landfill

Answer 18

there is limited space for landfill and increasing envrionmental issues associated with it

Question 19

copenhagen energy production

Answer 19

there is a W2E plant in copenhagen, 80% of co2 in copenhagen comes from energy production. the w2e plant currently incinerates waste but they may have to import nearer the future.

Question 20

guiyu china

Answer 20

the fastest growing type of waste is e-waste which produces 50 million tonnes a year. the town of guiyu is known as the worlds largest electronic waste dump sites. there are huge issues in this town where HIC countries ship their waste here to be landfilled.

Question 21

e waste

Answer 21

a generic term used to describe all types of old, end-of-life or discarded electrical and electronic equipment, such as household appliances