patterns of urbanisation Flashcards
what is urbanisation
the increase in population living in urban areas
what did the world health organisation predict
by 2050 7/10 people would live in urban areas in a city
whats a megacity
a city with over 10
million people
whats a metacity
a city with over 20 million people
whats a push factor
factors making people move away from an area
whats natural increase
increase in population when births are higher than deaths
how many people lived in urban areas in 1950
746 million
how many people live in urban areas in 2014
3.9 billion
where are the fastest growing urban areas
asia and africa
what is urban sprawl
the spread of an urban area into the surroudning countryside
example of urban sprawl
chelmsford and beulieu
how many megacitys are there predicted to be in 2025
37
causes of urban growth
-push and pull factors
-migration
-natural increase
-improvements in technology and infrastcucture
consequences of urban growth and urbanisation
-loss of green space
-congestion and pollution
-housing problems
-crime
-flooding
-unemployment
what is suburbanisation
the movement of people away from city areas eventually leads to growing of citys outside citys
how many people were predicted to live in slum conditions in 2013
863 million
what is an example of a slum
rio de janeiro favellas
is income high or low in suburbs
high, middle class people migrated to escape the city life problems
what is gentrification
the improvements of poor urban areas due to wealthier people moving in
what effects did gentrification have in london
many areas saw house prices rise by over 50%, leading to inequality in many areas and poor people forced out of the area.
what has led to an increase in suburbanisation
-increase in transport links making it easier to move from the city and commute
-increase in technology and infrastructure
rate of urbanisation in HICS
slow as most of the population already live in urban areas
why are the suburbs attractive
-they have less congestion
-less crime
-quieter
-more green space
what is a rural urban fringe
the rural woodland areas surroudning a city
what are the problems of suburbanisation
there is inequality, higher income people move to the suburbs leaving poor lower class people in the citys, suburbs receive more investment and segregation occurs
what is counter urbanisation
the movement of people from urban areas to smaller rural areas
why does counter urbanisation lead to social and economic change
-younger generations move out of city areas seeking cheaper houses, bringing new skills with them
what is urban resurgence
the regeneration of an area both economic and structural, which has previously been in decline
what is the main reason urban resurgence is needed in the uk
de-industrialization
how can you tell if an area has had urban resurgence
some areas may still have landscape from the past such as old factorys. some may have been convetred for modern day use
