deindustrialisation, decentralisation and rise of the service industry Flashcards
what is de-industrialisation
the loss of jobs in the manufacturing industry
why did deindustralisation occur in the uk
-it was cheaper to produce in factories abroad, competiton from china and india was extensive
-mechanisation, it was cheaper to use machinery than people
-increased need for innovation in service industry
what is decentralisation
the movement of industry away from the inner city to the suburbs
what are tertiary industrys
services such as banking, accountancy, education
what are quaternary industrys
a sector where ideas and knowledge are the main output, such as advertising and programming
what are the causes of decentralization
-lack of land for expansion in inner city’s
-high cost of land due to urbanization
-high labor costs in city’s
what are some economic impacts of de-industrialization
-loss of jobs and income
-social immobility as people who are specialized in manufacturing are unable to find new jobs, leading to unemployment
-rise in prices for land and labor
-loss of tax for government
what are some social impacts of de-industrialisation
-unemployment rates rising due to social immobility
-deprivation levels rising
-higher levels of crime
-loss of confidence and morale
-labor scarring
what are some environmental impacts of de-industrialization
-polluted derelict land
-deteriorating infrastructures leads to visual pollution
-long term pollution from previous industry’s
why has decentralisation led to immobility
people (mostly men) became specialised in the primary manufacturing industry, when the decline of these industrys happened, they lacked the skills needed to do service based jobs and could not find jobs.
what is labor scarring
the negative long-term effect that unemployment has on future labour. market possibilities in itself
why did crime increase after de-industrialisation
with more people unemployed and with no income, there was more desperation. theft and robbery became very common.
why has rising land and labor costs led to de-centralization
manufacturing businesses were making less profit, and with land becoming less and less available with the rising population, factories were forced to the outer rural edges of citys where land was cheaper.
