Urban Sustainability (Unit 1, Topic 6)

Question 1

What is Livability?

Answer 1

The characteristics of a city which improve the quality of life for the people living there

Question 2

How can a City have Social Development?

Answer 2

Adequate provision of schools and health service
Availability of food supplies
Green housing and building
Clean water and sanitation
Green public transport
Green energy access
Recreational areas and community support

Question 3

How can a City have Economic Development?

Answer 3

Decent employment opportunities
Production and distribution of renewable energies
Investment in green technology and innovation

Question 4

How can a City have Environmental Management?

Answer 4

Waste and recycling management
Energy efficiency
Water management
Air quality conservation
Adaption to and mitigation of climate change
Forest and soil management

Question 5

How can a City have Urban Governance?

Answer 5

Adaption of green urban planning
Strategies to reduce urban inequality
Strengthen civil and political rights

Question 6

What Opportunities do Developing Cities have?

Answer 6

Investment in universal pensions and urban agriculture local crops
Storage facilities
Investment in health care and education
Infrastructure and facilities

Question 7

What Challenges do Developing Cities have?

Answer 7

Urban disease and poor risk
Needs improvement of food and water access
Increase productivity

Question 8

What Opportunities do Developed Cities have?

Answer 8

Investment in compact urban development and decentralisation
Investment in green infrastructure policies
Reduced food subsidies

Question 9

What Challenges do Developed Cities have?

Answer 9

Overproduction and overconsumption
Food waste
Effective disaster prevention systems
Unemployment boost

Question 10

What is an Ecological Footprint?

Answer 10

The total area of productive land and water required to produce the resources a population consumes and absorb the waste produced

Question 11

What Makes up an Ecological Footprint?

Answer 11

Inputs and Outputs of a city

Inputs- water, food, building materials
Outputs- waste, pollution, spread of built up areas

Question 12

How do Cities get Higher Ecological Footprints?

Answer 12

-Improved education
-Increased healthcare access
-Longer life expectancy
-Higher GDP allows bigger incomes so more people can travel
-Increased waste

Question 13

What is Sustainable Development?

Answer 13

Development which aims to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs

Question 14

What Characteristics should a Sustainable
City have?

Answer 14

-Environment is maintained
-Economic base is sound and jobs are allocated fairly
-Strong sense of community, locals involved

Question 15

What are the Challenges the HIC and LIC Countries face to being Sustainable?

Answer 15

HIC- Social Cohesion, Adequate Housing, Food Waste

LIC-Money, Recycling, Rapid Urbanisation, Access to Food

Question 16

How do Housing Developments help reach Sustainability?

Answer 16

Houses need to be built to be energy efficient and built with adequate open spaces. Transport needs to be accessible and frequent. Access to necessary facilities

Question 17

How does Involving Locals help reach Sustainability?

Answer 17

If people feel they have some sort of ownerships over choices, they are more likely to be more positive around new projects. Residents form associations to give them a stronger collective voice

Question 18

How does Providing Adequate Open Spaces help reach Sustainability?

Answer 18

Presence of official green belts or areas where local authorities choose to restrict buildings to allow for more open green spaces, helps reduce areas that are environmentally damaging and improves the look of the city. Many cities now have designated park areas

Question 19

How does Reducing and Safely Disposing of Waste help reach Sustainability?

Answer 19

Only 18% of waste was recycled in the UK during 2004 whilst 43% of households waste was recycled in the UK during 2022. Charges were added to plastic bags and there was an incline in use of incineration rather than land fill

Question 20

How does Considering the Natural and Historic help reach Sustainability?

Answer 20

Reduce or stop development on greenfield sites and encourage development on brownfield sites. Keeping the architecture of many buildings but alter their function

Question 21

How does Producing an Efficient Transport System help reach Sustainability?

Answer 21

Public transport needs to be efficient, reliable and comfortable, affordable. The problem of private cars causes a barrier to sustainability