Urban Ops IV Security in an Urban Environment Flashcards
What are the 3 types of vehicle checkpoints (VCP’s)?
- Deliberate: permanent, fortified CP usually along an approach to a built up or restricted area (FOB).
- Hasty: pre-planned, temporary CP ISO specific operation or during a specific time of day/year.
- Snap: immediate CP employed during a PB on a frag order from higher or at the PL’s discretion. Commonly used to target specific vehicles (BOLO’s).
What are the 4 components VCP’s can be categorized in?
- Security: established IOT provide security from external threats & cover vehicles w/in the CP itself.
- Guardian angel: Marines placed in a covert overwatch position IOT provide SA & counter-ambush capabilities.
- Serpentine: Physical barriers are emplaced to slow, canalize, turn, & stop vehicles entering the CP. Overall goal is to control approach speed of a vehicle to manageable.
- Search area: Marines conduct vehicle & personnel searches at designated areas w/in established serpentine to look for/prevent flow of EN personnel, weapons, & equipment.
What equipment can you use while at a VCP?
- Stop signs
- Barriers
- Radios & wire phones
- Concertina wire
- Lights
- Surveillance equipment
- Flex cuffs
- Megaphones
- Whistles
What are the 3 categories of search techniques?
- Initial
- Primary
- Secondary
Define initial search?
1st part of searching process used to ID vehicles for more detailed examination. 3 personnel for search & usually take 3 mins per vehicle. At least 2 people conduct search.
Define primary search?
Full search of select vehicles. Entails checking interior, exterior, engine, & trunk & mirror checks under the vehicle. 2-5 minutes.
Define secondary search?
Detailed search of a suspect vehicle. Time intensive. Disassembling panels, interior of wheels, etc. 4 personnel conduct search.
Define search considerations?
- Be quick, thorough, & efficient.
- Don’t let children, babies, elderly, etc deter your options.
- Use common sense.
- Overloaded vehicles; nervous drivers.
- Remember details of searched vehicles.
Define the 4 categories of vehicle types?
- Automobiles (cars)
- Motorcycle & bicycles: 2 searchers (1 driver/passenger & 1 vehicle)
- Heavy goods vehicles (trucks): 3 searchers (1 driver/occupants & 2 vehicle)
- Buses: 4 searchers (2 driver/occupants & 2 bus)
What is the purpose of a cordon & search (C&S) mission?
Conducted to systematically search for enemy personnel, weapons, supplies, explosives or communications equipment.
What 3 terms are used when discussing C&S operations?
- Objective area: area where C&S takes place.
- Target area: immediately surrounding target.
- Target: location of high value target (HVT)
What is the basic principle of searching a populated area?
Conduct it with limited inconvenience to the population.
What is referred to as a ‘cordon & knock’?
Where EN contact/capture is less likely is executed with a lower level of force.
When is a C&S mission executed more like a raid?
When in more hostile areas or targets based on higher quality intel. A breach usually mechanical is executed to gain entry.
What are principles of C&S?
- Speed:
- Surprise: all efforts to deny the EN the opportunity to react.
- Isolation: physically isolate the target area/target by setting up cordons.
- Target ID: trained to ID, capture, &/or exploit targeted EN personnel/material.
- Timeliness: balance between actionable intel, target activities, desired end state, & execution of C&S.
- Accountability: all personnel & assets are accounted for & not left behind during egress.
- Minimization & mitigation of collateral damage
- Detailed search: ensure all of the EN’s assets are captured
- Legitimacy: focus on supporting the efforts of a legitimate Host Nation Gov’t.
What are the phases of a C&S?
- Planning: used to define sequence of action by each element to synchronize their tasks to ensure mission success.
- Reconnaissance: target areas should be reconnoitered prior to execution using many of the available resources. Don’t provide EN with indicators.
- Mvmt to OBJ: timing, routes & execution of mvmt to OBJ should use METT-TC factors & should be simultaneous or phased.
- Isolation: key to successful execution of search. Consists of outer/inner cordon.
- Search: includes everything from target areas, consolidation & reorganization, & mitigation of negative effects. Conducted by ASLT force.
- Withdrawal: unit is most vulnerable. Diff routes & timing may be used to simultaneous or phased to mitigate EN’s ability to attack.
What is the task organization of a C&S?
- Command Element: headquarters of unit.
- Security Element: isolates the OBJ area; tasks include block, interdict, & isolate.
- Support Element: isolates the OBJ; tasks include fix, isolate, block, interdict, suppress, & contain.
- Assault Element: mission is to clear, search, & ASLT targets w/in specific building/area that targets are located to capture, kill, or destroy.
- Special Teams & Assets:
What are the 2 primary methods of mvmt to the target?
- Single point ingress: column along a single path facilitates easier C2.
- Multidirectional ingress: mvmt through multiple directions; provides a lower signature w/fewer vehicles collected during approach.
What are the 2 techniques for emplacement of the C&S elements?
- Simultaneously: occurs when the C&S elements occupy multiple positions at the same time.
- Sequential: elements occupy multiple positions in sequence; ease of control & simple for planning (adv) vs less effective timely & allows EN freedom to reposition (disadv).
What are methods of egress from a C&S?
- Simultaneous: least preferred; lacks overwatch.
2. Sequential: provides greater security for forces leaving the cordon area.
What are 2 egress route selections?
- Single point: provides simplicity in mvmt from OBJ to a predesignated rally point.
- Multidirectional: requires greater coordination for each C&S element.
What are some interpreter considerations?
- Enablers
- Interpreter’s role
- Modes of interpreting
- Tactical questioning
What does an outer cordon do?
Isolate the OBJ area & prevents EN or civilian influence (VCP’s, overwatch, battlespace geometry).
What does an inner cordon do?
Isolate the target IOT protect the ASLT/SEARCH element from threat activity (DF, grenades, IED’s, civil disturbances, & prevents escapes).
