Urban Forms Flashcards
what is urban form
the physical characteristics that make up a city, including its size and shape, population density and land use patterns in the area
physical factors that influence urban forms (4)
topography
water
natural resources
land type
human factors that influence urban forms (3)
planning (whether it is planned- open space, leisure facilities or unplanned- slums)
infrastructure- new developments built along transport links- linear growth
land value- chain stores in centre, independent-outskirts
what is the central business district (CBD)
this is the central area that contains the major stores, offices and entertainment facilities
what is the burgess model
concentric circles of land use zones that come from the CBD — goes: CBD, light manufacturing, lower class residential, middle class residential, exclusive residential, industrial park, heavy industry
what does the burgess model not account for
doesn’t account for change eg: factories are now less common in MEDCs due to growth of service sector and manufacturing moving abroad
other issues with the burgess model (2)
doesn’t take into account multi use facilities eg more people want to live in CBD so multi storey buildings used as offices, housing and shops
cities don’t follow a strict pattern like this
the CBD is not always central (influenced by human and physical factors eg rivers)
what does the multi nuclei model show
that the CBD is not central- not a perfect structure
where do you see examples of multi nuclei models
in developing countries- where development is not planned
in the peak land value intersection where is the PVLI
In the centre
what happens in the PVLI as you move away from the centre
land value decreases
why is land expensive in the centre
there is a high amount of footfall and land is desirable
why is land cheaper the further from the centre it is
the land is less desirable and there is more land available
how does land value determine where industry is
businesses that require large amounts of space will relocate out of the CBD where more land is available and is cheaper. but large chain stores will be in CBD- can afford it- and increased footfall and market available
flaw of the bid rent theory
doesn’t account for industry type eg: there won’t be large smelting factories in Central London but there can still be smaller industries in the centre such as the Jewellry Quarter in Birmingham
