Upper Quarter 2 Flashcards
What are the osseous structures of the scapula?
Acromion process Coracoid process Spine of scapula Smooth triangular space Medial border Lateral border Inferior angle Superior angle
What are the joints of the shoulder?
Sternoclavicular joint
Acromioclavicular joint
Glenohumeral joint
Scapulothoracic joint
What are the osseous structures of the proximal humerus?
Greater tuberosity
Intertubercular grove or bicipital groove
Lesser tuberosity
What are the ligaments of the sternoclavicular joint?
Anterior/posterior sternoclavicular ligaments
Costoclavicular ligament
Interclavicular ligament
What does the anterior/posterior sternoclavicular ligaments and interclavicular ligament do?
Stabilizes the joint and holds things together
What does the costoclavicular ligament do?
Responsible for halting the elevation of the clavicle
What are the ligaments of the acromioclavicular joint?
Superior/inferior acromioclavicular ligaments Coracoclavicular ligament (trapezoid and conoid ligament)
What does the coracoclavicular ligament do?
Acts as a pivot point for the scapula
What are the ligaments of the glenohumeral joint?
Glenoid labrum Joint capsule Superior/middle/inferior glenohumeral ligaments Coracohumeral ligament Coracoarcromial ligament
What does the coracoacromial ligament do?
Creates hood over humerus
What do the glenoid labrum, joint capsule, sup/mid/inf glenohumeral ligaments, and coracohumeral ligaments do?
Thickens the joint
What are the prime scapular elevators of the scapulothoracic joint?
Upper trapezius
Levator scapulae
Rhomboid major
Rhomboid minor
What are the prime scapular depressors of the scapulothoracic joint?
Serrated anterior Pectoralis major Pectoralis minor Latissimus dorsi Lower trapezius
What does the scapular depressors do?
Prevents the scapula from winging up
How do you strengthen the serratus anterior?
Big hugs with theraband
How do you strengthen the lower trapezius?
Supermans
What are the scapular protractors of the scapulothoracic joint?
Serratus anterior
Pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor
Latissimus dorsi
What are the prime scapular retractors of the scapulothoracic joint?
Trapezius
Rhomboid major
Rhomboid minor
What are the prime scapular upward rotators of the scapulothoracic joint?
Upper and lower trapezius
Serratus anterior
What are the prime scapular downward rotators of the scapulothoracic joint?
Levator scapulae
Rhomboid major
Rhomboid minor
Petoralis minor
What are the prime glenohumeral flexors?
Anterior deltoid
Pectoralis major
Coracobrachialis
What are the prime glenohumeral internal rotators?
Pectoralis major Anterior deltoid Latissimus dorsi Teres major Subscapularis
What are the glenohumeral extensors?
Posterior deltoid Teres major Teres minor Latissimus dorsi Pectoralis major Long head of triceps
What are the glenohumeral external rotators?
Infraspinatus
Posterior deltoid
Teres minor
What are the glenohumeral abductors?
Deltoid
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
What are the glenohumeral horizontal adductors?
Pectoralis major
Anterior deltoid
What are the glenohumeral adductors?
Pectoralis major
Latissimus dorsi
Teres major
Subscapularis
What are the horizontal abductors?
Posterior deltoid
Teres major
Teres minor
Infraspinatus
What is the classification of the sternoclavicular joint?
Triaxial plane joint
What are the motions of the sternoclavicular joint?
Elevation/ depression (frontal plane, A-P axis)
Protraction/retraction (transverse plane, vertical axis)
Anterior/posterior rotation (Sagittal plane, M/L axis)
What is the classification for the acromioclavicular joint?
Triaxial plane joint
What are the motions of the acromioclavicular joint?
Tilt (anterior/posterior)- Sagittal plane, coronal axis
Upward/downward rotation- frontal plane, A-P axis
Internal/external rotation- transverse plane, vertical axis
What is the classification of the scapulothoracic joint?
Not a true diarthrodial joint. No bones moving on bones.
What are the motions of the scapulothoracic joint?
Scapula moves around rib cage
Upward /downward rotation- frontal plane, A-P axis.
Protraction/retraction (hugs)- transverse plane, vertical axis.
Elevation/depression- Sagittal plane, coronal axis.
What is the classification of the glenohumeral joint?
Triaxial ball-and-socket joint
What are the motions of the glenohumeral joint?
Flexion/extension- Sagittal plane, coronal axis.
Abduction/adduction-frontal plane, A-P axis.
Internal/external rotation- transverse plane, vertical axis
Horizontal abduction/adduction- transverse plane, vertical axis.
Are all motions of the glenohumeral concave on convex or convex on concave?
Convex on concave
What is the normal scapulothoracic position?
2 inches from midline
Lies between 2nd and 7th rib.
Tilted forward 10-20 degrees from the vertical.
30-40 degrees forward of the frontal plane.
What is the scapulothoracic position called?
The plane of the scapula-where the scapula sits.
What is scaption?
Elevation in the plane of the scapula
Which way does the numeral head face?
Medially, superiorly, posteriorly
What is the angle of inclination?
The axis through the head and the axis through the shaft create approximately 135 degree angle
What is the angle of torsion?
The axis through the humeral head and the axis through the humeral condyles form a 30 degree angle posteriorly.
